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Med Teminology Pre Req > Ch. 7 The Respiratory System > Flashcards

Ch. 7 The Respiratory System Flashcards

0
Q

Sinus/o

A

Sinuses

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1
Q

Nas/o

A

Nose

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2
Q

Pharyng/o

A

Pharynx

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3
Q

Laryng/o

A

Larynx

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4
Q

Epiglott/o

A

Epiglottis

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5
Q

Trache/o

A

Trachea

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6
Q

Bronch/o

Bronchi/o

A

Bronchi

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7
Q

Alveol/o

A

Alveoli

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8
Q

Pneum/o
Pneumon/o
Pulmon/o

A

Lungs

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9
Q

Ox/i, ox/o, ox/y

A

Oxygen

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10
Q

Phon/o

A

Sound, voice

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11
Q

Pleur/o

A

pleura, side of the body

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12
Q

Somn/o

A

Sleep

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13
Q

Functions of the respiratory system

A

Deliver air to lungs
Oxygen- blood- body cells
Airflow through larynx that makes speech possible

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14
Q

Respiratory system

A

Supplies the blood with oxygen for transportation to the cells in all of the body

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15
Q

Upper respiratory tract

A

Consists of the nose, mouth, pharynx, epiglottis, larynx and trachea
(Airway)

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16
Q

Lower respiratory tract

A

Consisted of bronchial tree and lungs
Located within and protected by the thoracic cavity (rib cage)
(Airway)

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17
Q

Nose

A

Air enters the body through the nose and passes through the nasal cavity

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18
Q

Nasal septum

A

Wall of cartilage that divides the nose into two chambers

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19
Q

Cilia

A

The thin hairs located just inside the nostrils. Filter Incoming air to remove debris

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20
Q

Mucous membranes

A

Line the nose

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21
Q

Mucus

A

Slippery secretion produced the the mucous membranes that protects and lubricates These tissues

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22
Q

Olfactory receptors

A

Nerve endings that acts as receptors for the SENSE OF SMELL

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23
Q

Paranasal sinuses

A 
Air filled cavities lined with mucous membrane 
Located in the bones of the skull
Para- near
Nas- nose
-al - pertaining to
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24
Q

Frontal sinuses

A

Frontal bone just above he eyebrow

Infection here can cause pain in that area

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25
Q

Sphenoid sinuses

A

In the sphenoid bone behind the eye and under the pituitary gland
Infection here can cause damage to vision

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26
Q

Maxillary sinuses

A

Largest of the paranasal sinuses
Located in the maxillary bones under the eye
Infection can cause pain the the posterior maxillary teeth

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27
Q

Ethmoid sinuses

A

Located in the ethmoid bones between the nose and the eyes

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28
Q

Pharynx

A

Throat

Receives air after it passes through the nose or mouth as well as food

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29
Q

Nasopharynx

A

First division

Posterior to the nasal cavity and continues downward to behind the mouth

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30
Q

Oropharynx

A

Second division

Portion that is visible when lookin into the mouth

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31
Q

Laryngopharynx

A

Third division

also shared by both the respiratory and digestive system

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32
Q

Larynx

A

Voice box
Located between the pharynx and the trachea
Contain vocal cords

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33
Q

Trachea

A

Windpipe

Transport air to and from lungs

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34
Q

Bronchi

A

Two large tubes

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35
Q

Bronchioles

A

Within the lung, each primary bronchus divides and subdivides into increasingly smaller bronchioles

Smallest branches of the bronchi

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36
Q

Alveoli

A

Air sacs

Very small grapple clusters doing at the end of the bronchioles

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37
Q

Pulmonary

A

Relating to or affecting the lungs

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38
Q

Lungs

A

Essential organs of respiration, are divided into loves

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39
Q

Right lung

A

Larger and has three lobes: upper, middle, and lower

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40
Q

Left lung

A

Two loves

Upper and lower

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41
Q

Mediastinum

A

The middle section of the chest cavity and is located between the lungs

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42
Q

Pleura

A

A thin, moist and slippery membrane that covers the outer surface of the lungs and lines the inner surface of the thoracic cavity

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43
Q

Parietal pleura

A

Outer layer of the pleura

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44
Q

Visceral pleura

A

Inner layer of pleura

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45
Q

Pleural cavity

A

Pleural space

Thin fluid filled space between the parietal and visceral pleural membranes

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46
Q

Diaphragm

A

Seperates the thoracic cavity from the abdomen

It is the contraction and relaxation of this muscle that makes breathing possible

47
Q

Phrenic nerves

A

Stimulate the diaphragm and cause it to contract

48
Q

Respiration

A

Exchange of oxygen for carbon dioxide that is essential to life

49
Q

External respiration

A

Bringing air in and out of the lungs from the outside environment

50
Q

Inhaled

A

As air is inhaled I to the alveoli, oxygen immediately passes Ito the surrounding capillaries and is carried by the red blood cells to all body cells
Diaphragm moves down

51
Q

Exhaled

A

Waste product carbon dioxide that has passed into the bloodstream is transported into the air spaces of the lungs to be ebhaled
Diaphragm moves up

52
Q

Internal respiration

A

Cellular respiration

Exchange of gases within the cells of the blood and tissues

53
Q

Otolaryngologist

A

ENT (ear, nose, throat)

Physician with training in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the head and neck

54
Q

Pulmonologist

A

Physician who specializes in the diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the respiratory system

55
Q

Thoracic surgeon

A

Performs operations on the organs inside the thorax or chest including the heart, lungs and esophagus

56
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

A

(COPD)

Group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed making it hard to breathe

57
Q

Asthma

A

Inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes, often triggered by allergic reaction

58
Q

Airway inflammation

A

Swelling and clogging of the bronchial tubes with mucus

59
Q

Bronchospasm

A

Contracion of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles , righting and squeezing the airway shut

60
Q

Upper respiratory infections

A

(URI)
Acute nasopharyngitis
COMMON COLD

61
Q

Allergic rhinitis

A

Allergy

Causes as increase flow of mucus

62
Q

Croup

A

Respiratory infection in children and infants characterized by obstruction of the larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cords resulting in a barking cough and stridor

63
Q

Diphtheria

A

Acute bacterial infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract

64
Q

Epistaxis

A

Nose bleed

65
Q

Influence

A

Flu

Highly contagious viral infection characterized by respiratory inflammation fever chills and muscle pain

66
Q

Pertussis

A

Whooping cough
Contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal cough

67
Q

Rhinorrehea

A

Runny nose

68
Q

Sinusitis

A

Inflammation of the sinuses

69
Q

Pharyngitis

A

Sore throat

70
Q

Aphonia

A

Loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds

71
Q

dysphonia

A

Difficulty in speaking

72
Q

Laryngitis

A

Inflammation of the larynx

73
Q

Tracheorrhagia

A

Bleeding from the mucous membranes of the trachea

74
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

Permanent dilation of the bronchi, caused by chronic infection and inflammation

75
Q

Bronchorrhea

A

Excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi

76
Q

Pleurisy

A

Inflammation of the pleura

77
Q

Pleurodynia

A

Sharp pain that occurs when the inflammation membranes rub against eachother with each inhalation

78
Q

Pleural effusion

A

Excessive accumulation of fluid in the pleural space

79
Q

Pyothorax

A

Presence of pus in the pleural cavity

80
Q

Hemothorax

A

Refers to a collection of blood in the pleural cavity

81
Q

Enpyema

A

Refers to a collection of pus in a body cavity

82
Q

Pneumothorax

A

Accumulation of air in the pleural space

83
Q

Acute respiratory distress syndrome

A

(ARDS) lung condition usually caused by trauma, pneumonia, smoke or fumes , inhaled vomit, or sepsis
Life threatening
Inflammation in the lungs and fluid in the alveoli lead to low levels of oxygen in the blood

84
Q

Atelectasis

A

Collapsed lung

Incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung due to a Blockage of the air passages

85
Q

Pneumorrhagia

A

Bleeding from the lungs

86
Q

Tuberculosis

A

TB
infectious disease
Usually attacks the lungs

87
Q

Pneumonia

A

Serious inflammation of the lungs in which the alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other fluid

88
Q

Eupnea

A

Normal breathing

89
Q

Apnea

A

Temp absence of spontaneous respiration

90
Q

Bradypnea

A

Abnormally slow rate of respiration, usually less then 10 breaths per minute

91
Q

Cheyne-stokes respiration

A

Irregular pattern of breathing

92
Q

Tachypnea

A

Abnormally rapid rate of respiration usually of more then 20 breaths per minute

93
Q

Dyspnea

A

Shortness of breath (SOB)

94
Q

Hyperpnea

A

Breathing that is deeper and more rapid than is normal at rest

95
Q

Hypopnea

A

Shallow of slow respiration

96
Q

Hyperventilation

A

Abnormally rapid rate of deep respiration that is usually associated with anxiety

97
Q

sleep apnea

A

Breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep for long enough periods to cause a measurable decrease in blood oxygen levels

98
Q

Airway obstruction

A

Choking

99
Q

Anoxia

A

Absence of oxygen from the body’s tissues and organs even through there is an adequate flow of blood

100
Q

Asphyxia

A

Loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function

101
Q

Asphyxiation

A

Suffocation

102
Q

Cyanosis

A

Bush discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

103
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

Visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope

104
Q

Chest x - Ray

A

Chest imaging

105
Q

Pulmonary function tests

A

(PFTS’s)

Group of tests that measure volume and flow of air by using a spirometer

106
Q

Laryngectomy

A

Surgical removal of the larynx

107
Q

Laryngotomy

A

Surgical incision into the larynx

Performed when upper part of the airway is obstructed

108
Q

Septoplasty

A

Surgical repair or alteration of parts of the nasal septum

109
Q

Tracheostomy

A

Surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea to insert a temp or permanent tube to facilitate breathing

110
Q

Tracheotomy

A

Procedure in which an Incision is made Ono he trachea to gain access to the airway below a blackage

111
Q

Pneumonectomy

A

Surgical removal of all or part of the lung

112
Q

Lobectomy

A

Surgical removal of a love of an organ usually the long brain or liver

113
Q

Thoracentesis

A

Surgical puncture of the chest wall with a needle to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity

114
Q

Thoracotomy

A

Surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment

Med Teminology Pre Req (10 decks)

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