Ch 5 Cardiovascular Flashcards
0
Q
Angi/o, vas/o
A
Blood vessels
1
Q
Card/o, cardi/o
A
Heart
2
Q
Arteri/o
A
Arteries
3
Q
Capill/o
A
Capillaries
4
Q
Phleb/o
Ven/o
A
Veins
5
Q
Hem/o
Hemat/o
A
Blood
6
Q
Pericardium
A
Double walled membranous sac that encloses the heart
Peri- surrounding
Cardi1 heart
Um- singular noun ending
7
Q
Epicardium
A
External layer of the heart and the inner layer of the pericardium
epi- upon
Cardi- heart
(Outer) layer of heart
8
Q
Myocardium
A
Middle and thickest of the hearts three layers
Myo- muscle
Cardio- heart
Middle layer of heart
9
Q
Endocardium
A
Consists of epithelial tissue, is the inner lining of the heart
Endo- witin
Inner layer of heart
10
Q
Thrombosis
A
Abnormal condition of having a thombus
Thromb- clot
Osis- abnormal condition
11
Q
Thrombus
A
Blood clot in the interior lining of a blood vessels
12
Q
Endarterial
A
Pertaining to the inner portion of an artery
13
Q
Aorta
A
Main trunk of the arterial system
14
Q
Myocardial infarction
A
Occlusion of one or more coronary arteries of the heart
15
Q
Infraction
A
Sudden insufficiency of blood in an area
16
Q
Atherosclerosis
A
Narrowing and hardening of the arteries caused by a build up of cholesterol plaque
Athero- plaque or fatty substance
Sclerosis- hardening
17
Q
Hyperlipidemia
A
General term used to describe elevated levels of cholesterol and other fatty substance in the blood
Hyper- means excessive
Lipid- fat
Emia- blood condition
18
Q
Angina
A
Chest pain
Due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium
Can lead to myocardial infection
19
Q
Carotid endarterectomy
A
Surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery
Done to reduce risk of stroke
20
Q
Venules
A
Small veins that join to form larger veins
21
Q
Superficial veins
A
Near the body surface
22
Q
Deep veins
A
In tissues
23
Q
Atrial fibrillation
A
Abnormal twitching of the atria
24
Atria
Top right and left chambers of the heart
| Receives blood
25
Ventricles
Bottom right and left chambers
| Pump out blood
26
Ventricular fibrillation
Rapid and irregular contraction of the ventricles
27
Arrhythmia
Loss of normal rhythm of the heart
28
Pulmonary circulation
Blood flow b/w heart and lungs
29
Systemic circulation
Flow of blood to all parts of the body except the lungs
30
Heartbeat
Contraction and relaxation
31
P wave
Contraction of the atria
32
QRS complex
Contraction of the ventricles
| Atria relaxes as the ventricles contract
33
T wave
The relaxation of the ventricles
34
Bradycardia
Heart rate < 60 BPM
35
Tachycardia
Heart rate > 100 BPM
36
Hypotension
Lower than normal blood pressure
37
Hypertension
Higher then normal blood pressure
38
Essential hypertension
Primary or idiopathic hypertension
| Unknown cause
39
Secondary hypertension
Cause by a diff medical problem
| Such as kidney disorder
40
Malignant hypertension
Life threatening
| Can lead to organ damage
41
Blood
Brings oxygen and nutrients to the cells
| Carries away waste
42
Thrombocytes
Platelets
Smallest element of blood
Responsible for clotting
43
Erythrocytes
Red blood cells
Produced by red bone marrow
Includes hemoglobin
-contains iron
44
Leukocytes
White blood cells
Protect against invader
```
Includes:
Neutrophils
Basaphils
Eosinophils
Lymphocytes
Monocytes
```
45
Blood types
A
AB - universal recipient
B
O - universal doner
46
Hematologist
Specialist in diseases and disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues
47
Cardiologists
Specialists in diseases and disorders of the heart
48
-crisis
A mixture or blending
49
Vascular surgeon
A physician who specializes in the diagnosis medical management and surgical treatment of disorders of the blood vessels
50
ACE inhibitor
Medications administered to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure
51
Anemia
Disorder where lower then normal levels of red blood cells in the blood
52
Aneurysm
Localized weak spot or balloon like enlargement of the wall of an artery
53
Angioplasty
Mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessels
54
Anticoagulant
Medication that slows coagulation and prevents new clogs from forming
55
Aplastic anemia
A condition marked by the absence of all formed blood elements
56
Atherectomy
Surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior lining of an artery
57
Atheroma
A deposit of fatty plaque on or within the arterial wall
58
Automated external defibrillator
Electronic equipment that externally shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm
59
Beta-blocker
Medications administered to reduce the workload of the heart by slowing the heartbeat
60
Blood dyscrasia
Any Pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood
61
Cardiac arrest
Heart abruptly stops beating or develops an arrhythmia that prevents it from pushing blood
62
Cardiac catheterization
A diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and guided into the heart
63
Cardiomyopathy
All diseases of the heart muscle
64
Cholesterol
A fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body
65
Chronic venous insufficiency
A condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valves
66
Coronary thrombosis
damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery
67
Defibrillation
The use of electrical shock to restore the hearts normal rhythm
68
Diuretic
Medications administered in increase urine secretion to rid the body of excess salt and water
69
Electrocardiogram
A record of the electrical activity of the myocardium
70
Embolism
The sudden block of blood vessels by an embolus
71
Embolus
A foreign object such as blood clot, quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor that is circulating in the blood
72
Endocarditis
Inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
73
Hemoglobin
Blood protein
Globin- protein
74
Hemolytic anemia
Condition characterized by an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to their premature destruction by the spleen
75
Hemostasis
To stop or control bleeding
76
Ischemic heart disease
A group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart
77
Leukemia
A type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal white blood cells found in blood forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood
78
Leukopenia
A decrease in the number of white blood cells circulating in the blood
79
Megaloblastic anemia
A blood disorder characterized by anemia on which red blood cells are larger than normal
80
Myelodysplastic syndrome
A group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by the insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells
81
Orthostatic hypotension
Low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up
82
Pernicious anemia
Anemia caused by a lack of a protein that helps the body absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract
83
Phlebitis
Inflammation of the vein
84
Raynaud's disease
A peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress
85
Septicemia
Caused by the presence of bacteria in the blood, symptoms include fever, tachpnea, and tachycardia
86
Sickle cell anemia
A genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in red blood cells that assume an abnormal sickle shape
87
Temporal arteritis
A form of vasculitis with abnormal large cells, that can cause headache, visual impairment, or other symptoms
88
Thallium stress test
Performed to evaluate blood flow to the heart during excercise by injecting a small amount of thallium into the blood
89
Thrombocytopenia
A condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating the blood
90
Thrombolytic
Medicine that dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up
91
Thrombotic occlusion
The blocking of an artery by a thrombus
92
Thrombus
A blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein
93
Transfusion reaction
Serious and potential fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response offers bc the patients blood and the donated blood do not match
94
valvulitis
Inflammation of the lining of the vagina
95
Varicose veins
Abnormally swollen veins usually occurring in the superficial veins of he legs
96
Ventricular tachycardia
A very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles
97
Aorta/o
Aorta
98
Ather/o
Plaque, fatty substance
99
-crasia
A mixture or bleeding
100
-Emia
Blood, blood condition
101
Phleb/o
Vein
102
thromb/o
Clot
103
Ven/o
Vein
