ch 7: the aural realm of music Flashcards
All sounds are a form of ______________ produced by the vibration of an object.
energy
The vibration makes the air around the object vibrate too. These air vibrations are called?
sound waves
A sound wave is the ________________________________ caused by the movement of energy traveling through a medium (such as air, water, or any other liquid or solid matter) as it propagates away from the source of the sound.
pattern of disturbance
a pattern of disturbance caused by the movement of energy traveling through a medium (such as air, water, or any other liquid or solid matter) as it propagates away from the source of the sound.
sound wave
Music is a combination of?
sounds and silence.
Traditionally, noises were not part of music, but nowadays composers use what in many different ways in their compositions to create new musical experiences?
sounds, silence and even noises
ELEMENTS OF MUSIC
(enumerate)
- RHYTHM - time
- DYNAMICS - loud/quiet
- MELODY - high/low (pitch) - linear/horizontal
- HARMONY - verticalization of pitch
- TEMPO - speed (pace)
(RDMHT)
is the element of “TIME” in music.
RHYTHM
When you tap your foot to the music, you are “keeping the beat“ or following the structural rhythmic pulse of the music.
RHYTHM
All musical aspects relating to the relative loudness (or quietness) of music fall under this general element.
DYNAMICS
DYNAMIC LEVELS
(enumerate)
- pianissimo (pp) – very quiet
- piano (p) – quiet
- mezzo-piano (mp) – moderately quiet
- mezzo-forte (mf) – moderately loud
- forte (f) – loud
- fortissimo (ff) – very loud
- crescendo – gradually getting louder
- decrescendo – gradually getting quieter
- accent – “punching” or “leaning into”, a note harder to temporarily emphasize
(PPMMFFCDA)
very quiet
- pianissimo (pp) –
quiet
piano (p) –
moderately quiet
mezzo-piano (mp) –
moderately loud
mezzo-forte (mf) –
loud
forte (f) –
very loud
fortissimo (ff) –
gradually getting louder
crescendo –
gradually getting quieter
decrescendo –
“punching” or “leaning into”, a note harder to temporarily emphasize
accent
accent is “________________” or “____________________”, a note harder to temporarily emphasize
“punching” or “leaning into”
is the LINEAR/HORIZONTAL presentation of pitch (the word used to describe the highness or lowness of a musical sound).
MELODY
is the VERTICALIZATION of the pitch.
HARMONY
Often, harmony is thought of as the art of combining pitches into chords (several notes played simultaneously as a “____________”).
block
These chords are usually arranged into sentence-like patterns called?
chord progressions.
is the speed of the beat or the music’s pace. It determines how fast and slow the music is.
TEMPO
TEMPO
(enumerate)
- largo – very slow (broad)
- grave – very slow (solemn)
- adagio – slow
- andante – moderately slow, a walking
- moderato – moderate
- allegretto – moderately fast
- allegro – fast
- vivace – lively
- presto – very fast
- prestissimo – as fast as possible
(LGAAMAAVPP)
very slow (broad)
largo
very slow (solemn)
grave
slow
adagio
moderately slow, a walking
andante
moderate
moderato
moderately fast
allegretto
fast
allegro
lively
vivace
very fast
presto
as fast as possible
prestissimo
PERIODS OF MUSIC
- MIDDLE AGES - catholic
- RENAISSANCE - humanism
- BAROQUE - ornate/elaborate (rise)
- CLASSIC - structural unity, clarity, balance (standard)
- ROMANTIC - flamboyance & superstar
- MODERN - freedom
450 - 1450
MIDDLE AGES
1760-1820
Classic
An era dominated by Catholic sacred music, which began as simple chant but grew in complexity in the 13th to 15th centuries by experiments in harmony and rhythm.
MIDDLE AGES
1900 - present
Modern
1450 - 1600
RENAISSANCE
A more personal style emerged in this era with a greater focus on Humanism, and a rebirth of learning and exploration.
RENAISSANCE
Considered as the ‘Golden Age of Vocal Music
RENAISSANCE
1600 - 1750
Baroque
This era—the last great age of aristocratic rule—is represented by extremely ornate and elaborate approaches to the arts.
Baroque
This era saw the rise of instrumental music, the invention of the modern violin family and the creation of the first orchestras.
Baroque
The music of this politically turbulent era focused on structural unity, clarity and balance. The new expressive and dramatic approaches to composition and performance that were developed in this era became the standards that all “Classical music be judged by great composers
Classic
The new expressive and dramatic approaches to composition and performance that were developed in this era became the standards that all* “Classical music be judged by great composers*
Classic
1820-1900
Romantic
This era witnessed an explosion of flamboyance, nationalism, the rise of “superstar” performers, and concerts aimed at middle-class “paying” audiences. Orchestral, theatrical and soloistic music grew to spectacular heights of personal expression.
Romantic
is the breaking-down of all traditional aesthetic conventions, thereby unleashing complete freedom in all aesthetic dimensions, including melody, rhythm, and chord progression. … Even the very notion of what constitutes “music” was redefined.
Modern
Modern 1900-present
POP
JAZZ
ROCK
COUNTRY
ELECTRONIC
RAP
~ “MUSICIS A FRIEND, AN
ENEMY, AN ALTER-EGO, A
REFLECTION, AND A GREAT
~~ STORY TELLER.”
- AURAL — the ability to produce sound(?)
- SONG <— sound/sound waves <— vibration
- sound needs a medium to travel
- the combination of sound, silence, and noises
Sound waves
- birth of all sounds
hearing
- involuntary
- innate
- God-given gift
listening
- voluntary
- your will
- eveluating the sound and information
- there is understanding
a product on how we produce
Elements of music
- building blocks
BEAT
- e.g heartbeat
- beat is constant in any music (doesn’t change)
- below the rhythm
- it will stick up to the last part of the song
- how you jive
TEMPO
- fastness or slowness
- tempo changes
- RHYTHM
- rhythm is constantly changing
- the timing of the music
- the pattern
- balance the
- time signature - DYNAMICS
- paglakas and paghina
- DYNAMIC LEVELS
— - MELODY
- pitch, taas at baba
- mga notes
- series of notes in a song
-
HARMONY
- verticalization
- play notes at the same time
- sabay²
- combination of sound
TEMPO
- fastness and slowness of the sound
- speed/pace of the music
-
largo—mabagal, malawak(broader)
grave—very slow, malumanay(solemn)
adagio—
andante—
PERIODS OF MUSIC
- MIDLE AGES
- 450-1450(mali ung sa ppt)
- chant
- spiritual level
- give glory
- experiment from how music started
- harmonize, singing in group, consider the elements - RENAISSANCE
- golden age of vocal music
- humanism
- personile style and experimentation
- realities of life and how human emotion affect the composition of music - BAROQUE
- saw the need to have accompaniment (through instruments)
- extremely embellished (madaming nangyayari, madaming ganaps) - CLASSIC
- it’s giving greek (golden ratio: balance, unity, etc.)
- unbreakable
- stand time
- resist to adapt
- standard - ROMANTIC PERIOD
- make music from a diff perspective (lumayo sya)
- giving chances to performers to perform
- paying people to perfeom (group, duet, etc. were able to express themselves)
- open the doors to opportunity for diff kinds of composers/etc. to perform/showcase their music(????) - MODERN
- breaking down stereotypes of wht music should be
- deconstructivism
- freedom of expression on musicality
Pop
- popular music
Jazz
- is diff in time signature
- in the ph: jazz came from latin americans
Country
- also have diff time signature
- it’s the novelty(new) songs (ung atin talaga)
Rap
- changes in its tempo
Sound waves
- birth of all sounds
hearing
- involuntary
- innate
- God-given gift
listening
- voluntary
- your will
- eveluating the sound and information
- there is understanding
a product on how we produce
Elements of music
- building blocks
BEAT
- e.g heartbeat
- beat is constant in any music (doesn’t change)
- below the rhythm
- it will stick up to the last part of the song
- how you jive
TEMPO
- fastness or slowness
- tempo changes
- RHYTHM
- rhythm is constantly changing
- the timing of the music
- the pattern
- balance the
- time signature - DYNAMICS
- paglakas and paghina
- DYNAMIC LEVELS
— - MELODY
- pitch, taas at baba
- mga notes
- series of notes in a song
-
HARMONY
- verticalization
- play notes at the same time
- sabay²
- combination of sound
TEMPO
- fastness and slowness of the sound
- speed/pace of the music
-
largo—mabagal, malawak(broader)
grave—very slow, malumanay(solemn)
adagio—
andante—
PERIODS OF MUSIC
- MIDLE AGES
- 450-1450(mali ung sa ppt)
- chant
- spiritual level
- give glory
- experiment from how music started
- harmonize, singing in group, consider the elements - RENAISSANCE
- golden age of vocal music
- humanism
- personile style and experimentation
- realities of life and how human emotion affect the composition of music - BAROQUE
- saw the need to have accompaniment (through instruments)
- extremely embellished (madaming nangyayari, madaming ganaps) - CLASSIC
- it’s giving greek (golden ratio: balance, unity, etc.)
- unbreakable
- stand time
- resist to adapt
- standard - ROMANTIC PERIOD
- make music from a diff perspective (lumayo sya)
- giving chances to performers to perform
- paying people to perfeom (group, duet, etc. were able to express themselves)
- open the doors to opportunity for diff kinds of composers/etc. to perform/showcase their music(????) - MODERN
- breaking down stereotypes of wht music should be
- deconstructivism
- freedom of expression on musicality
Pop
- popular music
Jazz
- is diff in time signature
- in the ph: jazz came from latin americans
Country
- also have diff time signature
- it’s the novelty(new) songs (ung atin talaga)
Rap
- changes in its tempo
