Ch. 7 Sampling: Estimating the Frequency of Behaviors and Beliefs

Question 1

Population

Answer 1

The entire set of people or products in which you are interested

Question 2

Sample

Answer 2

A small subset taken from a population of interest

Question 3

Biased Sample

Answer 3

Some members of population have higher probability of being included in the sample

Question 4

Unbiased sample

Answer 4

All members of population have equal chance of being included in the sample

Question 5

Convenience Sampling

Answer 5

Using a sample of people who are easy to contact and readily available

Question 6

Self-Selection

Answer 6

Sample contains only people who volunteer to participate

Question 7

Probability Sampling

Answer 7

Every member of the population of interest has equal known chance of being selected for sample

Question 8

Non-probability sampling

Answer 8

Techniques involve nonrandom sampling and result in a BIASED sample

Question 9

Simple-random Sampling (SSR)

Answer 9

Sample is chosen completely at random from the population of interest

Question 10

Cluster Sampling

Answer 10

Clusters of participants within the population of interest are selected at random

Question 11

Stratified random sampling

Answer 11

Select particular demographic categories and then randomly select individuals within each category, proportionate to their assumed membership in the population

Question 12

Oversampling

Answer 12

Intentionally over-represents one or more groups

Question 13

Systematic sampling

Answer 13

Random number generator, (5) Count off by 5. Every 5th person will be part of the sample

Question 14

Purposive Sampling

Answer 14

If researchers want to study only certain kinds of people, they recruit only those particular participants

Question 15

Snowball Sampling

Answer 15

In which participants are asked to recommend a few acquaintances for the study that fall under the same criteria.

Question 16

Quota Sampling

Answer 16

Researcher identifies subsets of the population of interest and then sets a target number for each category in the sample

Question 17

a. Are larger samples inherently more externally valid than smaller samples?

Answer 17

No. Samples that are too large may introduce unnecessary and false outliers