ch. 7 Researching the Speech Flashcards
what is research?
the process of finding supporting material for your speech
what is analysis?
exploration of a speech topic to determine which subordinate topics must be covered
what are 3 basic goals for research?
1) To develop or strengthen your own expertise on the topic
2) to find the evidence that will support your ideas
3) to make your ideas clear, understandable, and pertinent to your audience
what are the 7 types of supporting material?
1) Personal experience
2) Common knowledge
3) Direct observation
4) Examples
5) Documents
6) Statistics
7) Testimony
what is personal experience?
the way of supporting your ideas on the basis of your own experience
what is common knowledge?
the beliefs and values that members of a society or culture generally share
what is presumption?
the assumption that a statement or claim is true until shown otherwise
what is direct observation?
observational study that helps support your claim
what are the different types of examples?
brief example, hypothetical example, anecdote, case study
what is an anecdote?
a short and amusing or interesting story about a real incident or person
what is a case study?
a process or record of research in which detailed consideration is given to the development of a particular person, group, or situation over a period of time
what is document?
primary source that can establish a claim directly, without opinion or speculation
what are statistics?
numbers recording the extent of something of the frequency with which it occurs
what are the different types of statistics?
- simple enumeration
- surveys and polls
- rates of change
- experiments
What is Testimony?
info or an opinion that is expressed by someone other than the speaker
what are the two types of testimony?
factual and opinion
what is factual testimony?
pieces of information that can be proved true or false
what is opinion testimony?
beliefs formed from experience and judgement
what are some tools for locating supporting material?
- search engines
- electronic databases
- catalogs
- indexes
what are the 3 types of indexes?
- newspaper
- periodic
- gov’t publication
what does it mean to supplement the tools?
to not rely on online databases, but to go to a public library or set up a personal interview
what are the tests of evidence?
- is the evidence available for inspection?
- is the evidence accurate?
- is the source credible?
- is the source making statements within his or her expertise?
- is the evidence internally consistent?
- is the evidence contradicted by the best evidence from other sources?
- is the evidence recent enough?
- is the evidence relevant to the point that it supports?
what are the questions to ask to evaluate the quality of internet evidence?
- Does the site meet the basic standards of credibility?
- Who set up the website?
- what are the source’s credentials?
- what is the purpose of the website?
- Does the content appear to reflect scholarship?
- Can you confirm the information?
- When was the site last updated?
