Ch 7 Functional Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

Which muscles are most involved in posture? What type of muscle are they mostly comprised of?

A

deep muscle, type I (slow twitch) fibers

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2
Q

Why does poor posture indicate possible movement dysfunction?

A

movement begins from static posture, therefore postural deficiencies can impact movement efficiency

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3
Q

What factors or contributors to posture may not be correctable?

A
  • trauma/surgery
  • structural deviations
  • congenital conditions
  • certain pathologies (ie rheumatoid arthritis)
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4
Q

What factors or contributors to posture are correctable?

A
  • habitual poor posture
  • muscle pattern overload (repetitive motion or prolonged static periods)
  • side dominance
  • lack of joint mobility or stability
  • imbalanced training programs
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5
Q

What principle does ACE encourage trainers to follow by emphasizing functional assessment prior to training?

A

Straighten the body before you strengthen it

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6
Q

What are the impacts of ankle pronation or supination?

A

pronation/eversion causes internal knee and femoral rotation
supination/inversion causes external knee and femoral rotation
both impact the kinetic chain, adding to stressors on the hips and lower back

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7
Q

What makes tight hip flexors common in sedentary people? What syndrome is associated with this?

A

prolonged periods with the hip flexors in a forward tilt, leading to muscle imbalance and tight hip flexors
lower-cross syndrome involves erector spinae and lordosis of the lower spine

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8
Q

Shoulders are complex joints. What are some common problems which might be identified in shoulder posture?

A
  • not level with floor
  • asymmetrical to midline
  • protracted (rounded/forward)
  • medially rotated humerus
  • kyphosis (depressed chest)
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9
Q

Why do clearing tests come before functional and physical assessments?

A

to screen for pain or other contraindications such as difficulties with the cervical spine, lower back, or shoulder impingement

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10
Q

What movements might be used for a clearing test of the cervical spine?

A
  • cervical flexion
  • cervical extension
  • chin to either shouler or collarbone
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11
Q

What movements might be used for a clearing test of the shoulder?

A

cross arms with hands to opposite shoulders and lift elbows
check ROM

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12
Q

What movements might be used for a clearing test of the lower back?

A

cobra and child’s pose

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13
Q

Functional Screening

Bend & Lift

A

1 rep ea squatting with dowels of
(frontal)
- stability of the foot
- knee over toe alignment
- overall body symmetry
(saggital)
- heel-floor contact
- knee/glute dominance
- tibia and torso achieve parallell state
- spine position and stability
- head position

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14
Q

Functional Screening

Hurdle-step

A

1 rep ea stepping over a barrier with dowel on shoulders
(frontal)
- foot stability
- knee over foot on stance leg
- hip stability
- torso stability
- alignment of moving leg
(saggital)
-stability of torso and stance leg
- hip mobility

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15
Q

Functional Screening

Push-up

A

check for scapular winging or protraction and “collapsing” (hyperextension) of the back which indicates a weak core

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16
Q

Functional Screening

Shoulder pull stabilization

A

client lies on the floor with outstretched arm, trainer lifts by arm and client attempts to stabilize without twisting or moving scapulae from ribcage

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17
Q

Functional Screening

Thoracic spine mobility

A

cross arms and twist upper body without hip rotation, check ROM and side differences

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18
Q

ROM in healthy adults

Shoulder Flexion

A

150-180*

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19
Q

ROM in healthy adults

Shoulder Extension

20
Q

ROM in healthy adults

Shoulder Abduction

21
Q

ROM in healthy adults

Shoulder Internal (Medial) Rotation

22
Q

ROM in healthy adults

Shoulder External (Lateral) Rotation

23
Q

ROM in healthy adults

Shoulder Horizontal Abduction

24
Q

ROM in healthy adults

Shoulder Horizontal Adduction

25
# ROM in healthy adults Elbow (flexion, extension)
flexion 145* extension 0*
26
# ROM in healthy adults Radio-ulnar (pronation, supination)
pronation 90* supination 90*
27
# ROM in healthy adults Wrist Flexion
80*
28
# ROM in healthy adults Wrist Extension
70*
29
# ROM in healthy adults Wrist Radial Deviation
20*
30
# ROM in healthy adults Wrist Ulnar Deviation
45*
31
# ROM in healthy adults C-spine Flexion
80*
32
# ROM in healthy adults C-spine Extension
45-75*
33
# ROM in healthy adults C-spine Lateral Flexion
45*
34
# ROM in healthy adults C-spine Rotation
65-75*
35
# ROM in healthy adults Lumbar Spine (flexion/extension)
flexion 40-45* extension 30-40*
36
# ROM in healthy adults Lumbar Spine Rotation
10-15*
37
# ROM in healthy adults Lumbar Spine Lateral Flexion
20*
38
# ROM in healthy adults T-spine (flexion/extension)
flexion 30-40* extension 20-30*
39
# ROM in healthy adults T-spine Rotation
35*
40
# ROM in healthy adults T-spine Lateral Flexion
20-25*
41
# ROM in healthy adults Hip (flexion/extension)
flexion 100-120* extension 10-30*
42
# ROM in healthy adults Hip (abduction/adduction)
abduction 40-45* adduction 20-30*
43
# ROM in healthy adults Hip Rotation (internal/external)
internal 35-45* external 45-60*
44
# ROM in healthy adults Knee (flexion/extension)
flexion 125-145* extension 0-10*
45
# ROM in healthy adults Ankle (dorsiflexion/plantarflexion)
dorsiflextion 20* plantarflexion 45-50*
46
# ROM in healthy adults Subtalar (inversion/eversion)
inversion 30-35* eversion 15-20*