Ch 2 Principles of Adherence and Motivation

Question 1

Motivation

Answer 1

psychological drive which gives direction and purpose to behavior

Question 2

Adherence

Answer 2

voluntary and active involvement in an activity

Question 3

Factors impacting adherence and motivation

Personal Attributes

Answer 3

• demographic variables
• biomedical status
• activity history
• psychological factors
• knowledge, attitudes, beliefs

Question 4

Factors impacting adherence and motivation

Environmental Factors

Answer 4

• objective access to resources
• perceived barriers
• social support

Question 5

Factors impacting adherence and motivation

Physical Activity Factors

Answer 5

• prior activity tends to predict future activity
• intensity and perceived manageability
• injury (pain or fatigue, real or perceived)

Question 6

Intrinsic Motivation

Answer 6

• motivation from within
• more predictive of adherence than extrinsic motivation
• involves genuine desire, interest, or enjoyment in participation

Question 7

Extrinsic Motivation

Answer 7

• motivation from without
• engagement on the basis of expectations and outcomes, rewards and punishments
• might foster feelings of guilt or inadequacy, pressure

Question 8

How can intrinsic motivation be cultivated?

Answer 8

• creating positive experiences early in training program
• fostering a sense of autonomy, mastery, and purpose
• creating environments that engage curiosity, challenge, and collaboration
• encouraging a growth mindset focused on learning and development

Question 9

Self-efficacy

Answer 9

one’s belief in their ability to succeed

Question 10

How can self efficacy be cultivated?

Answer 10

• focusing on mastery experiences, achievable goals, and building successes
• vicarious experiences, role models, mentors
• social persuasion, feedback, encouragement
• managing emotional and physiological states

Question 11

Types and functions of feedback

Answer 11

• intrinsic: client’s own sensory perceptions and judgements
• extrinsic: correction, encouragement, reinforcement
• both provide points of adjustment and indicate progress or lack

Question 12

Examples of professionalism for a personal trainer

Answer 12

• “put together”
• approachable, willing to help
• prepared, knowledgeable
• demonstrate active listening, engagement, and care
• punctual

Question 13

Programs should be designed in cooperation with the client to address…

Answer 13

• goals, need
• preference
• constraints
• experiences and apprehensions

Question 14

Effective goals should be…

Answer 14

• systematic
• SMART
• not overwhelming
• framed positively
• reviewed and adjusted regularly

Question 15

Relapse is best prevented by planning and practicing these ahead of time

Answer 15

• social support
• back-up or alternative plans
• self-regulation
• assertiveness