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Interpersonal Relations > Ch 7: Friendship > Flashcards

Ch 7: Friendship Flashcards

1
Q

What is friendship?

A

a voluntary, personal relationship, typically providing intimacy and assistance, in which the two parties like one another and seek each other’s company;

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2
Q

What are the three attributes of friendship?

A

Affection: trust/respect each other and value loyalty/authenticity

Communication: receives and gives meaningful self-disclosures, emotional support, and practical assistance

Companionship: share interests and activities, and consider each other to be sources of recreation and fun

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3
Q

Friendship is based on the same building blocks of ______ as romances.

A

intimacy

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4
Q

How are romantic relationships different from friendships?

A
  • involves fascination with one’s partner, sexual desire, and a greater desire for exclusivity
  • stringent standards of conduct (aka we are supposed to be more loyal and loving to a romantic partner)
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5
Q

What characteristics of romantic relationships overlap with friendships?

A

Respect
- hold a person in a high esteem

Trust
- confident they will behave benevolently toward us, selflessly taking our best interests into account
- promotes comfortability in either relationship

Capitalization
- share the good news with friends and receive enthusiastic, rewarding responses that increase our pleasure

Social Support
- uplift us and provide us aid

Responsiveness
- attentive and supportive recognition of our needs and interests

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6
Q

What is perceived partner responsiveness?

A

The judgment that someone is attentive, respectful, caring, and supportive concerning our needs and aspirations
- promotes intimacy, self-disclosure, trust and interdependency

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7
Q

What are the four ways a friend can provide help and encouragement?

A
  1. Emotional support
    - has real physiological effects and mental health benefits
  2. Physical comfort (ie: hug)
  3. Advice support – information and guidance
  4. Material support – tangible support (ie: money or goods)
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8
Q

True or False: Income has more of an effect on your happiness than your level of social support does in friendships

A

False: does not have more of an effect

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9
Q

Social Support

A
  • leads people to feel closer to those who provide it
  • to offer effective support, providers need to have the skills, resources, and motivation that are appropriate for the task
  • best when the person offering support is empathetic
  • the best support fits needs and preferences
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10
Q

What is invisible support?

A

social support that is subtly provided without fanfare and actually goes unnoticed by the recipient

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11
Q

True of False: Regardless of what support is offered, one of the most important patterns in studies of social support is that it is not what people do for us but what we think they do for us that matters in the long run

A

True

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12
Q

What are three types of friendship based on intimacy level?

A
  1. Casual
  2. Close
  3. Best friends
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13
Q

What are the six stages of friendship?

A
  1. Childhood acceptance: seek at this age and peer rejection: leads to dropping out of school, criminal arrests, psychological maladjustment
  2. Preadolescence: emphasis on intimacy (sleepovers)
  3. Adolescence: characterized by sexuality; primary intimacy with peers, gravitating away from maintaining close bonds with parents
  4. Young adult: intimacy versus isolation in a new environment
  5. Midlife: dyadic withdrawal and a shift from the personal to the family
  6. Old age: socioemotional selectivity theory
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14
Q

What is the socioemotional selectivity theory?

A

As you get older, you focus more on the quality of the relationship versus quantity, narrowing the inner circle

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15
Q

What are the two strongest predictors of life satisfaction?

A

Friendship and job satisfaction

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16
Q

What are some ways you can make friends and influence people?

A
  1. Become genuinely interested in other
  2. Smile
  3. Remember their name and say it
  4. Be a good listener. Encourage others to talk about self
  5. Talk in terms of the other’s interest
  6. Make the other person feel important and do it sincerely
17
Q

True or False: Research found that people generally have more fun when they were with friends than alone or with family members

A

True

18
Q

What are the rules for friendship?

A

shared cultural beliefs about what behaviors friends should and should not perform

  • trustworthy and loyal
  • confidants with whom we can share secrets (self-disclosure)
  • enjoyable and fun companions
  • similar to us in attitudes and interests
  • helpful, providing material support when needed
19
Q

According to Duane Buhrmester, an increase in cognition evokes changes in interpersonal needs over the life span, including

A

Early elementary years: the need for acceptance

Preadolescence: the need for intimacy

Teen years: sexuality

20
Q

Women’s friendships are characterized by…

A

emotional sharing and self-disclosure

“face to face” friendships

women talk about relationships and personal issues

21
Q

Men’s friendships are characterized by…

A

activities, companionship, and competition

“side to side” friendships

men talk about impersonal interests such as sports

22
Q

True or False: women typically have partners outside their romantic relationships to whom they can turn for sensitive, sympathetic understanding and support while men do not

A

True

23
Q

True or False: men are fully capable of forming intimate friendships with other men, and they always choose to

A

False: choose not to do so because such intimacy is less socially acceptable among men than women

24
Q

What is the central individual difference in friendship?

A

sexual orientation

  • friendship networks of straight people tend to be less diverse about sexual orientation than those of LGBs
25
Q

What are relational self-construals?

A

Describe the extent to which we think of ourselves as interdependent rather than independent beings

  • independence valued more in Western cultures
26
Q

What is the dark triad?

A

narcissism, Machiavellianism, psychopathy – all involve low levels of agreeableness and humility

27
Q

What are some friendship difficulties?

A
  1. shyness
  2. loneliness
28
Q

Define shyness and how does this create difficulties in friendships?

A

the syndrome that combines social reticence and inhibited behavior with nervous discomfort in social settings

29
Q

Define loneliness and how does this create difficulties in friendships?

A

unpleasant boredom, sadness, and desperation that occurs when there is an unhappy discrepancy between the number and quality of partnerships we want and those we have

30
Q

What is the difference between social and emotional loneliness?

A

Social: being dissatisfied because we lack a social network of friends and acquaintances

Emotional: being lonely because we lack affection and emotional support from at least one intimate relationship

31
Q

Define work friendships

A

a voluntary and amiable relationship between two employees that includes support for each other’s social and emotional goals

32
Q

Work friendships: friendship opportunity

A

opportunity to get to know your supervisor, work with your supervisor to solve problems, easy access to the immediate supervisor, opportunity meet with a supervisor in non-work activities

33
Q

Work friendships: friendship prevalence (quality of the relationship)

A

declaration of friendship at work with the superior, extra work activities, ability to discuss personal issues, informal discussions of work-related problems, indication that the positive feelings toward supervisor is a good reason to stay at job

34
Q

What are some potential issues with work friendships?

A
  • boundaries
  • allocation of resources and opportunities
  • potential for bias
35
Q

Whare are turning point categories of friendship development and name a few

A

times of development or deterioration

  • living together
  • talk/hanging out (self-disclosure)
  • geographic distance
36
Q

What are two measures of social support?

A

Enacted social support: support person believes they have given

Perceived social support: support person believes they have received

Interpersonal Relations (6 decks)

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