Ch 6: Solutions

Question 1

Define solvent

Answer 1

A liquid into which an element or compound is added to form a solution

Question 2

What liquid is sometimes called “the universal solvent”?

Answer 2

Water / H2O

Question 3

Polar liquids, like water, are able to easily dissolve what kind of solutes?

Answer 3

Polar and ionic solutes

Question 4

Nonpolar liquids, like oil and paint thinner, are easily able to dissolve what kind of solutes?

Answer 4

Nonpolar solutes

Question 5

Define miscible

Answer 5

Two or more fluids that are able to mix and form a solution

Question 6

Define immiscible

Answer 6

Liquids that do not mix, IE oil and water

Question 7

What is the difference between colloid, emulsion and suspension?

Answer 7

A colloid is a substance in which microscopic particles are dispersed in a medium, but are not dissolved in it. If left undisturbed, the dispersed particles will not settle or form sediment. Pumice could be an example of a colloid: particles of air dispersed in solid stone.

An emulsion is a particular type of colloid, referring to microscopic particles of liquid dispersed in another liquid. Milk could be an example of an emulsion: lipophilic butterfat particles dispersed in a water-based medium.

A suspension is similar to a colloid except that the dispersed particles tend to be larger and will eventually settle or form sediment. Sand in water could be an example of a suspension: if shaken then the sand will disperse in the water, but if left alone it will settle at the bottom.

Question 8

Define mole

Answer 8

Equal to the same number of molecules as the number of atoms in 12g of carbon-12 (ie the amount of sample containing Avogadro’s number of molecules or 6.022 * 10 to the 23)

Question 9

Define solute

Answer 9

An element or compound dissolved to form a solution