ch 6 pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

how do u grow bacteria

A

Enrichment cultures and Metagenomics ( aka environmental sequencing)

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2
Q

How biologists study Bacteria and Archaea

A

1st step is to grow bacteria that you are studying.

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3
Q

what are enrichemnet cultures

A
  • establish a specified set of growing conditions ( nutrients, temperature, lighting, substrate, food, etc)Important to duplicate conditions under which organisms live in
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4
Q

what are metagenomics

A

Documents phylogenetic species that cannot be grown in culture
Doing this by finding all the genes present in a community of prokaryotes, including unknown sequences
based on DNA sequences of specific genes

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5
Q

more is known abt _ than _

A

bacteria, archaea

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6
Q

size of bacteria =

A

1 um in diameter, but vary .5-.1

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7
Q

what shapes can they be

A

coccus, bacillus, spirillium, filamentous

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8
Q

what is coccus

A

spherical - may be single, double (diplo-), chain (strepto-), cluster (staphylo-

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9
Q

what is bacillus

A

rod- shaped (single or strepto-

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10
Q

what is spirillum

A

spiral, corkscrew shaped (single only

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11
Q

filamentous =

A

(many cyanobacteria

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12
Q

Gram-positive bacteria have

A

have a plasma membrane surrounded by a thick cell wall made of
peptidoglycan (stains bluish purple

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13
Q

Gram-negative bacteria have

A

a cell wall that has two components (stains reddish pink)
(a) thin wall of peptidoglycan
(b) outer phospholipid bilaye

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14
Q

some have capsuls, what are capsuls

A

1) thick gel layer outside cell wall
(2) typical of pathogens

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15
Q

some form endospores what are they

A

survival structures that forms inside bacterial cell and incredibly tough

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16
Q

how do u kill endospores

A

requires autoclave to kill (high heat & pressure

17
Q

(obligate aerobes) vs (obligate anerobes)

A

require oxygen, and some don’t