ch 29- fungi

Question 1

what are the 3 large, multicellular eukaryotes

Answer 1

plants, animals, and fungi

Question 1

plants make-

Answer 1

their onw food ( photosynthetic autotrophs)

Question 2

animals eat-

Answer 2

ingest their food ( ingestive autotrophs)

Question 3

how do fungi eat

Answer 3

they absorb their nutrients from organisms ( absorptive heterotrophs)

Question 4

what is Extracellular digestion

Answer 4

where fungi produce secretive digestive enzymes

Question 5

what 2 most abundant organic molecules on Earth can fungi digest

Answer 5

lignin and cellulose

Question 6

Some fungi specialize in absorbing nutrients from a host which is called

Answer 6

parasites

Question 7

study of fungi is called

Answer 7

mycology

Question 8

Why do biologists study fungi?

Answer 8

Fungi have important Economic & Ecological Impacts

Question 9

examples of their impacts

Answer 9

human parasites ( 200 of them)
Destructive impact on food supply
and have benefits

Question 10

examples of human parasites

Answer 10

1) athlete’s foot

(2) vaginitis

(3) diaper rash

(4)ringworm

(5) fungal pneumonia

(6)oral thrush

Question 11

benefits of fungi

Answer 11

mushrooms
yeast= bread, soy sauce, cheese, beer, wine, etc.
chocolate= only edible after fermented by fungi

Question 12

Fungi Provide Nutrients for Land Plants, how so

Answer 12

through Mycorrhizae (“fungal-root”)- and Saprophytic ( decomposers)

Question 13

what is Mycorrhizae (“fungal-root”)

Answer 13

fungi that are mutualistic with most plants

Question 14

what are Saprophytic (decomposers) soil fungi

Answer 14

They break down dead organic matter, critical to productivity of forests, croplands, & rangelands

Question 15

what are the Two parts of carbon cycle

Answer 15

1- C fixation reduction of CO2 to form sugar which is then used to make cellulose, lignin, & other organic compounds
2- C release as C02 from cellular respiration

Question 16

overall fungi connect the 2 processes of the carbon cycle

(1) digest lignin and cellulose – release carbon that would be held in wood

(2) make the carbon cycle more rapidly