ch 29- fungi Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 large, multicellular eukaryotes

A

plants, animals, and fungi

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1
Q

plants make-

A

their onw food ( photosynthetic autotrophs)

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2
Q

animals eat-

A

ingest their food ( ingestive autotrophs)

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3
Q

how do fungi eat

A

they absorb their nutrients from organisms ( absorptive heterotrophs)

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4
Q

what is Extracellular digestion

A

where fungi produce secretive digestive enzymes

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5
Q

what 2 most abundant organic molecules on Earth can fungi digest

A

lignin and cellulose

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6
Q

Some fungi specialize in absorbing nutrients from a host which is called

A

parasites

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7
Q

study of fungi is called

A

mycology

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8
Q

Why do biologists study fungi?

A

Fungi have important Economic & Ecological Impacts

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9
Q

examples of their impacts

A

human parasites ( 200 of them)
Destructive impact on food supply
and have benefits

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10
Q

examples of human parasites

A

1) athlete’s foot

(2) vaginitis

(3) diaper rash

(4)ringworm

(5) fungal pneumonia

(6)oral thrush

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11
Q

benefits of fungi

A

mushrooms
yeast= bread, soy sauce, cheese, beer, wine, etc.
chocolate= only edible after fermented by fungi

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12
Q

Fungi Provide Nutrients for Land Plants, how so

A

through Mycorrhizae (“fungal-root”)- and Saprophytic ( decomposers)

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13
Q

what is Mycorrhizae (“fungal-root”)

A

fungi that are mutualistic with most plants

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14
Q

what are Saprophytic (decomposers) soil fungi

A

They break down dead organic matter, critical to productivity of forests, croplands, & rangelands

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15
Q

what are the Two parts of carbon cycle

A

1- C fixation reduction of CO2 to form sugar which is then used to make cellulose, lignin, & other organic compounds
2- C release as C02 from cellular respiration

16
Q

overall fungi connect the 2 processes of the carbon cycle

(1) digest lignin and cellulose – release carbon that would be held in wood

(2) make the carbon cycle more rapidly

A