Ch 6: Musculoskeletal system Flashcards
Hematopoiesis
the normal production of blood cells in bone marrow
hemat/o
blood
-poiesis
production
muscul/o
muscle
functions of the musculoskeletal system (6)
Protection
Support
Movement
Formation of blood cells
bone marrow storage of Fat
storage and release of Minerals
musculoskeletal means
pertaining to the muscles and the skeleton
breakdown the meaning of orthopedics
orth/o - bone
ped/o - child
- ic - pertaining to
bone marrow
soft tissue that fills the cavities of the bone
calcium is __________, blocks x-rays
radiopaque
name the major bones of the body
do it on the lab practice
oste+oid
resembling bone
calcification and decalcification
organic tissue becomes hardened by deposits of calcium
loss of calcium from bone or teeth
myel/o means both
spinal cord and bone marrow
identify the structures: parietal bone, occipital bone, frontal bone, temporal bone, ethmoid bone, sphenoid bone, maxilla, mandible, coronal suture, squamous suture, lambdoid suture, sagittal suture, anterior fontanel, posterior fontanel, mastoid fontanel, sphenoid fontanel
YES MAAM
Skull is composed of two bones
cranial and facial
spin/o, rach/i,rachi/o
spine
what’s cerebrospinal fluid
clear, colorless liquid that circulates throughout yhe brain and spinal canal
sacrum result of fusion of four _ bones
coccyx result of fusion of four _ bones
sacral
coccygeal
cost/o
ribs
-graph
instrument for recording
pelv/i and pub/o
pelvis and pubis
ili/o
ilium
pertaining to the ischium and pubis/coccyx
pertaining to the ilium and pubis
ischiopubic
ischiococcygeal
iliopubic
humeroscapular
humeroulnar
humerus and scapula
humerus and ulna
pertaining to ulna/radius/humerus
ulnar
radial
humeral
excision of bones of the wrist
carpectomy
-algia
pain
wrist-carpal
skull
femur
humerus
vertebra
lower back
pelvis
spine
rib
chest
radius
ulna
carpal
cranial
femoral
humeral
vertebral
lumbar
pelvic
spinal
costal
thoracic
radial
ulnar
ankyl/o
stiff
arthr/o
articulation/joint
-asthenia
weakness
burs/o
bursa
calc/i
calcium
cellul/o
little cell/compartment
chondr/o
cartilage
de-
down, from, or reversing
meta-
change or next in series
-sarcoma
malignant tumor of connective tissue
ten/o, tend/o,tendin/o
tendon
pertaining to cartilage
chondral
vertebra combining form
vertebr/o
four types of joint motion
extension
flexion
rotation
circumduction
bursae (s. bursa)
fluid located in areas of friction
ligaments
tendon
bone to bone
bone to muscle
facial
pertaining to fascia
myolysis
destruction of muscles
myopathy
disease of muscle
musculofascial
muscle and fascia
myalgia
muscle pain
fibromyalgia
myofibrosis
myasthenia gravis
widespread nonarticular pain of extremities, face, and torso
muscle tissue replaced by fibrous tissue
fatigue and muscle weakness
resulting from defect in the conduction of nerve impulses
discolation
fracture
displacement of a bone from a joint
breaking of a bone
what are the 3 types of fractures
incomplete simple
complete simple
compound
sprain vs strain
sprain is injury to the join that causes pain and disability
strain is excessive use of a part of the body to the extent that is injured or trauma to a muscle caused by violent contraction or excessive forcible stretch
myocele
condition where muscle protudes through its facial covering
herniated disk
rupture of diseased disks between the vertebrae
paraplegia
quadriplegia/tetraplegia
paralysis of the lower portion of the body due to lumbar injury
paralysis of the arms and legs
paresis
paraparesis
quadriparesis/tetraparesis
motor weakness of partial paralysis
partial paralysis of the lower limbs
partial paralysis of all four extremerties
cellulitis
myocellulitis
osteitis
osteochondritis
myelitis
osteomyelitis
myeloencephalitis
inflammation of the deep subcutaneous tissue
involves muscles
inflammation of bone
bone and cartilage
spinal cord or bone marrow
bone and bone marrow
spinal cord and brain
myelofibrosis
replacement of bone marrow by fibrous tissue
chondrosarcoma
leukemias
fibrosarcoma
multiple myeloma
masses of cartilage
disease of blood/-forming tissues caused by unrestrained growth of leukocytes
malignant tumor containing fibrous tissue
presence of many tumor masses in the bone and bone marrow
osteoporosis
osteitis deformans
metabolic disease of reduced bone mass
chronic bone inflammation
spondylomalacia
softening of vertebra
osteomalacia
defect in mineralization of bone/ softening of the bone
scoliosis
kyphosis
exaggerated lateral curve of the spine
exaggerated curvature of he spine from front to back
craniocele
hernial pertusion of the brain through a defect of the skull
tarsoptosis
flatfoot
atrophy/weakness/wasting of muscle without involvement of nervous system
muscular dystrophy
defect closure of the bones of the spine
spina bifida
arthritis
osteoarthritis
rheumatoid arthritis
spondylarthritis
rheumatoid spondylitis
ankylosis
polyarthritis
inflammatory condition of the joints
one or many joints undergo degenerative changes, loss of articular cartilage
CHRONIC/SYSTEMATIC joint deformities
arthritis of the spine
inflammation of cartilage between vertebrae causing neighboring vertebrae to fuse
joint immobile and stiff
infammation of more than one joint
-trophy
-ptosis
dys-
arthr/o
spondyl/o
ankyl/o
nutrition
proplapsed
bad
joint
vertebra
stiff
arthralgia/arthrodynia
lupus erythematosus
arthroscopy
arthroscope
arthrotomy
arthropathy
painful joint
autoimmune disease THAT INVOLVES CONNECTIVE TISSUE
direct observation of the interior of a joint
fiberoptic endoscope
incision of a joint
any disease of a joint
gout
hyperuricemia
metabolic disease acute arthritis that involves urate diposits
deposits of urates in and around joints/excessive uric acid in the blood
reduction
close reduction
open reduction
internal vs external fixation
restoring of fractures to their normal positions
manipulation without surgery
fracture must be exposed by surgery
use of tools inside and outside
anti-osteoporoctics
bunionectomy
ostectomy,costectomy, craniectomy
craniotomy
cranioplasty, tendoplasty, myoplasty, tenomyoplasty, vertebroplasty
used to treat osteoporosis
excision of bunion, bone, rib, segment of the skull,
incision into the skull
plastic surgery to repair the skull, tendons, muscle, tendon and muscle, and vertebral fractures
esthesi/o
feeling
laminectomy
diskectomy
chondrectomy
surgical removal of the bony posterior arch of a vertebra
complete excision of an invertebral disk
excision of cartilage
extraction of excessive synovial joint fluid
surgery reconstruction of a joint
a form of cancer
arthrocentesis
arthroplasty
antiinflammatories
antiarthritis
myelosuppression
reduce inflammation and pain
relieves synptoms of arthritis
treatment/inhibition of bone marrow
myelogram
extraction of spinal fluid for diagnostic
the most rigid connective tissue
fluid-filled sac that helps reduce friction
provides protection and support of the joint
connects bones and catilage
place of union between bones
strong, fibrous tissue that attaches bones to muscle
fluid secreting tissue lining the joint
bone
bursa
cartilage
joint
ligament
tendon
synovial membrane
articulation
joint
