Ch 4: diagnostic procedures Flashcards
symptom (Sx)
change that is perceived by the patient, which may or may not be confirmed by the examiner
sign
objective, or definitive, evidence of an illness or disorded function that are perceived by an examiner
diagnosis (Dx)
is the identification of a disease or condition by a scientific evalution of physical signs, symptoms, history, test, and procedures
Prognosis
predicted outcome of a disease
difference between acute and chronic
acute is having a short and relatively severe course while chronic is the meaninging that the disease exists over a long time
specimen
small sample or part taken from the body to represent the nature of the whole
what are the vital signs measurements
pulse rate (P)
respiration rate (R)
body temperature (T)
pulse
rhythmic expansion of an artery that occurs as the heart beats
normal resting state
60 to 100 beats per minute
respiration
exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide within the body or to breathing. Numbers of breath per minute
tympanic thermometer
a designed thermometer witha probe tip that is placed at the external opening of the ear canal
radi/o
radius or radiant energy
4 useful technique in the physical examination
inspection
palpation
percussion
auscultation
- examiner feels the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts with the hands
- examiner listens for sounds within the body to evaluate the heart, blood vessels, lungs, intestines, or other organs (use of stethoscope)
- use of eyes and ears to observe and listen to patient
- examiner taps the body with the fingertips or fist to evaluate the size, border, and consistency of internal organs
1.palpation
2.auscultation
3. inspection
4.percussion
difference between an endoscope, endoscopy, and endoscopic
endoscope is an illuminated instrument for the vizulization of the interior of body cavity or organ.
endoscopy is the visual inspection of the body by means of an endoscope
endoscopic means pertaining to endoscopy/perfomed using an endoscope
catheter (cannula)
catheterization
catheterize
catheter (cannula) is a hollow flexible tube that can be inserted into a cavity of the body to withdraw or install fluids and +
catheterization introduction of a catheter
catheterize is to introduce a catheter
computer radiography
conversion of the image data to electronic signals, digitized, and displayed on a monitor or recorded on film
ech/o or sono/o
electr/o
fluor/o
radi/o
tom/o
ultra-
sound
elecrticity
emitting or reflecting light
radiant energy
to cut
excessive
radiography vs radiograph
radiography was the predominant means of diagnostic imaging vs radiograph is a x-ray image but can also mean to instrument used to record
difference between radiopaque and radiolucent
RP substances that don’t permit the passage of x-rays and RL substances that readily permit the passage of x-rays
additional diagnostic imaging modalities
computer tomography
magnetic resonance imaging
Sonography/echography/ultrasound
contrast imaging
nuclear imaging
ionizing radiation to produce detailed image of a cross section of tissue
computer tomography
creates mages of internal structures based on the magnetic properties of chemical elements within the body and uses a powerful magnetic field and radio wave pulses than ionizing radiation
MRI
PROCESS OF IMAGING DEEP STRUCUTRES OF THE BODY BY SENDING AND RECEIVING HIGH FREQUENCY SOUND WAVES THAT ARE REFLected back as echoes from internl tissues and structures
ultrasonography
the record produced in a ultrasonography
sonogram or echogram
visual examination of an internal organ. It shows continuous imaging of the motion of internal structures and immediate serial images
fluoroscopy
administering radiopharmaceuticals to a patient orally, into the vein, or by having the patient breathe the material in vapor form
nuclear medicine
TYPE OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE SCAN, COMBINES COMPUTED TOMOGRAghy and radioactive substances to produce enhanced images of selected body structures
positron emission tomography (PET)
radiotherapy
treatment of tumors using radiation to destroy cancer cells
radiation oncology
type of radiation therapy
treatments
algesi/o
chem/o
phamrc/o, pharmaceut/i
plast/o
therapeut/o
tox/o
-therapy
sensitivity to pain
chemical
drugs or medicine
repair
treatment
poison
treatment
neoplasm
new growth tissue (tumor) that is either benign or malignant
carcinoma
malignant tumor
remission
disappearrance of the characteristics of a malignant tissue
analgesic
drug that relives pain
narcotic
pertaining to a substance that produces insensibility or stupor
