ch. 6: language and the brain Flashcards
What is the primary role of the primary auditory cortex?
The primary auditory cortex processes sounds, tones, frequencies, and other auditory features
What is the function of Wernicke’s area?
Wernicke’s area is involved in language comprehension and the creation of symbolic representations of sound.
Where is Broca’s area located and what is its function?
Broca’s area is located in the third frontal convolution of the left inferior frontal gyrus. It is responsible for language production, including planning and expressing speech.
What is the role of the arcuate fasciculus in language processing?
The arcuate fasciculus connects Wernicke’s area and Broca’s area, facilitating the ability to understand and repeat speech.
What happens if the angular gyrus is damaged?
Damage to the angular gyrus can impair reading comprehension but does not typically affect speech or comprehension.
How does the right hemisphere contribute to language?
The right hemisphere helps with the emotional aspects of language, including prosody (tone/inflection).
What is anomia?
Anomia is the inability to produce specific words, particularly nouns, while comprehension and repetition remain intact.
What type of aphasia is characterized by fluent speech but poor comprehension?
Wernicke’s aphasia, which involves fluent speech but a loss of meaning and comprehension.
What is the main deficit in Broca’s aphasia?
Broca’s aphasia is characterized by difficulty with speech production, while comprehension remains relatively intact.
What is the primary issue in conduction aphasia?
Conduction aphasia is primarily characterized by impaired repetition of speech, even though comprehension and naming are relatively intact.
What is prosody in language?
Prosody refers to the rhythm, tone, and inflection in speech, which conveys emotional and tonal meaning.
What does the Boston Naming Test assess?
The Boston Naming Test assesses a patient’s ability to name pictured objects.
What is the main feature of global aphasia?
Global aphasia involves a severe decrease in language function across multiple domains, including speech production, comprehension, and naming.
What does the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test assess?
The Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test assesses a person’s ability to recognize spoken words by pointing to pictures.
What is the role of the supramarginal gyrus in language?
The supramarginal gyrus integrates visual, spatial, and auditory information and plays a role in language processing, particularly reading.
What does damage to the arcuate fasciculus result in?
Damage to the arcuate fasciculus can lead to conduction aphasia, impairing the ability to repeat words while leaving comprehension relatively intact.
What is a phonemic paraphasia?
A phonemic paraphasia is when a person substitutes a word with a similar-sounding one, like saying “flute” instead of “fruit.”
What is the main feature of Wernicke’s aphasia?
Wernicke’s aphasia is characterized by fluent speech that is nonsensical and poor comprehension, where patients often do not realize their speech is incoherent.
What does the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination assess?
The Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination evaluates motor speech coordination, language comprehension, and vocabulary.
What is the main deficit in transcortical motor aphasia?
Transcortical motor aphasia involves difficulty with spontaneous speech, but repetition and comprehension are relatively intact.
