Ch 6 Identity and Personality Flashcards
identity
individual components of self concept
ex: religion, sex orientation
Androgyny
both masculine and undifferentiated
Ethnic identity examples are
ancestry
culture
language
nationality
political borders
hierarchy of salience
situation dictates which identity is most important
Self-discrepancy theory 3 selfs
actual self
ideal self
ought self (what others think of us)
self-efficacy
belief in our ability to succeed
learned helplessness
state of feeling helpless, unable to avoid negative depression theory
locus of control
internal
external
characterize the influences in our life
internal - the control of our own destiny
external- feeling that others control our fate
Freud's psychosexual development was \_\_\_\_\_ but will be tested as history. 1st stage 2nd stage 3rd stage 4th stage 5th stage
Oral stage 0-1 years Anal stage 1-3 years Phallic or oedipal stage 3-5 years Latency stage - libido sublimed (socially acceptable) Genital stage-
Eriksons psychosocial development (0-1 yr) (1-3 yr) (3-6 yr) (6-12 yr) (12-20 yr) (20-40 yr) (40-65 yr) (65-death)
(0-1 yr) : trust vs mistrust (1-3 yr) : autonomy vs. shame and doubt (3-6 yr) : initiative vs. guilt (6-12 yr) : industry vs. inferiority (12-20 yr) : identity vs. role confusion (20-40 yr) : intimacy vs. isolation (40-65 yr) : generativity vs. stagnation (65-death) : integrity vs. despair
Kohlberg's stages of moral development Preconventional morality (preadolescence) conventional morality (adolescence to adulthood) postconventional morality (adulthood)
- obedience
- self-interest
- conformity
- law and order
- social contract
- universal human ethics
Vygotsky: cultural and biosocial development
Those skills for kids that are in the process of development (zone of _____ ______) need to have a more _______ ______
zone of proximal development
knowledgeable other
theory of mind
A persons sense (interpretation) of how another’s mind works.
The psychoanalytical perspective assumes that…..
Who was involved in pioneering this theory?
the unconscious internal states motivate our actions and determine personality
Sigmund freud
Carl Jung
Psychoanalytic perspective: Sigmund Freud
id
basic, primal, and inborn urges to survive and reproduce
Pleasure principle
primary process
Psychoanalytic perspective: Sigmund Freud
ego
operates by reality principle
postpones id
secondary process
moderates desires of superego
Psychoanalytic perspective: Sigmund Freud
superego
personality’s perfectionist
pride with accomplishments
guilt with failures
preconscious
thoughts we aren’t aware of yet
unconscious
repressed thoughts
Instinct:
Eros
Thanatos
Eros- life instincts, survival
Thanatos- wish for death
Defense mechanisms: (Freud) Repression- Suppression- Regression- Reaction Formation- Projection- Rationalization- Displacement- Sublimation-
Repression- Unconscious removal of idea/feeling
Suppression- Conscious removing idea/feeling
Regression- Return to earlier state of development
Reaction Formation- taking your desires and turning them into opposites (hey arnold)
Projection- projecting feelings on someone else
Rationalization- Justification
Displacement- transfer feelings from one person to another
Sublimation- making an unacceptable impulse into a socially acceptable
Jung identified the ego as the ______ mind. He divided the unconscious into the __________ unconscious and the ______ unconscious
conscious
personal unconscious
collective unconscious (common feelings by all)
Archetypes
thought or image that has similar feelings from the collective conscious (all people with similar ancestry)
