Ch. 6 - Ethnicity and Race Flashcards
One among several culturally distinct groups in a society or region
Ethnic group
Social status based on choices or accomplishments
Achieved status
Identification with an ethnic group
Ethnicity
Any position that determines where someone fits in society
Status
Social status based on limited choice
Ascribed status
Assigning humans to categories (purportedly) based on common ancestry
Racial classification
An organism’s evident traits, its “manifest biology” - anatomy and physiology
Phenotype
“Natural sunscreen” produced by skin cells responsible for pigmentation
Melanin
Zone between 23 degrees north (Tropic of Cancer) and 23 degrees south (Tropic of Capricorn) of the Equator
Tropics
Vitamin D deficiency marked by bone deformation
Rickets
Ethnic group assumed to have a biological basis
Race
Discrimination against an ethnic group assumed to have a biological basis
Racism
Social identity based on ancestry
Descent
Children of mixed unions assigned to the same group as their minority parent
Hypodescent
Class structured, with differences in wealth, prestige, and power
Stratified
Society that shares a language, religion, history, territory, ancestry, and kinship
Nation
Stratified society with formal, central government
State
Autonomous political entity; a country
Nation-state
Ethnic groups that have, once had, or want their own country
Nationalities
Long-term foreign domination of a territory and its people
Colonialism
Absorption of minorities within a dominant culture
Assimilation
Society with economically interdependent ethnic groups
Plural society
View of cultural diversity as valuable and worth maintaining
Multiculturalism
Devaluing a group because of its assumed attributes
Prejudice
Fixed ideas - often unfavorable - about what members of a group are like
Stereotypes
Policies and practices that harm a group and its members
Discrimination
Deliberate elimination of a group through mass murder
Genocide
Deliberate suppression of destruction of an ethnic culture by a dominant group
Ethnocide
People who flee a country to escape persecution or war
Refugees
The internal domination by one group and its culture or ideology over others
Cultural colonialism
