Ch. 2 - Culture Flashcards

1
Q

Process by which culture is learned and transmitted across generations

A

Enculturation

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2
Q

Something verbal or non-verbal that stands for something else

A

Symbol

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3
Q

Key, basic, or central values that integrate culture

A

Core values

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4
Q

Any fossil or living human, chimp, or gorilla

A

Hominid

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5
Q

All human species that have ever existed

A

Hominins

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6
Q

Something that exists in every culture

A

Universal

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7
Q

Culture pattern or trait that exists in some but not all societies

A

Generality

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8
Q

Distinctive or unique culture trait, pattern, or integration

A

Particularity

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9
Q

Cultural features shared by citizens of same nation

A

National culture

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10
Q

Cultural traditions that extend beyond natural boundaries

A

International culture

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11
Q

Different cultural traditions associated with subgroups in the same complex society

A

Subcultures

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12
Q

Judging other cultures using one’s own cultural standards

A

Ethnocentrism

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13
Q

Idea that behavior should be evaluated not by outside standards but in context of culture in which it occurs

A

Cultural relativism

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14
Q

Rights based on justice and morality beyond and superior to particular countries, cultures, and religions

A

Human rights

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15
Q

Rights vested in religious and ethnic minorities and indigenous societies

A

Cultural rights

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16
Q

Indigenous group’s collective knowledge and its applications

A

IPR (intellectual property rights)

17
Q

Accelerating interdependence of nations in the world system today

A

Globalization

18
Q

Borrowing of cultural traits between societies

A

Diffusion

19
Q

Exchange of cultural features between groups and first-hand contact

A

Acculturation

20
Q

Independent development of a cultural feature in different societies

A

Independent invention