Ch. 5 - Language and Communication

Question 1

Primary means of human communication, spoken and written

Answer 1

Language

Question 2

Communication systems of non-human primates

Answer 2

Call systems

Question 3

Creating new expressions that are comprehensible to other speakers

Answer 3

Productivity

Question 4

Transmission through learning, basic to language

Answer 4

Cultural transmission

Question 5

Describing things and events that are not present; basic to language

Answer 5

Displacement

Question 6

Study of communication through body movements and facial expressions

Answer 6

Kinesics

Question 7

Study of sounds used in speech in a particular language

Answer 7

Phonology

Question 8

Linguistic study of morphemes and word construction

Answer 8

Morphology

Question 9

Vocabulary; all the morphemes in a language and their meanings

Answer 9

Lexicon

Question 10

Arrangement and order of words in phrases and sentences

Answer 10

Syntax

Question 11

Smallest sound contrast that distinguishes meaning

Answer 11

Phoneme

Question 12

Study of significant sound contrasts (phonemes) in a language

Answer 12

Phonemics

Question 13

Study of speech sounds - what people actually say

Answer 13

Phonetics

Question 14

Theory that different languages produce different patterns of thoughts

Answer 14

Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

Question 15

Set of words describing particular domains (foci) of experience

Answer 15

Focal vocabulary

Question 16

Language’s meaning system

Answer 16

Semantics

Question 17

Study of lexical (vocabulary) categories and contrasts

Answer 17

Ethnosemantics

Question 18

Varying one’s speech in different social contexts

Answer 18

Style shifts

Question 19

A language with “high” (formal) and “low” (informal, familial) dialects

Answer 19

Diglossia

Question 20

Terms of respect, used to honor people

Answer 20

Honorifics

Question 21

Rule-governed dialects spoken by some African Americans

Answer 21

African American Vernacular English (AAVE)

Question 22

Study of languages over time

Answer 22

Historical linguistics

Question 23

(Linguistic) closely related languages

Answer 23

Subgroups

Question 24

Languages sharing a common parent language

Answer 24

Daughter languages

Question 25

Language ancestral to several daughter languages

Answer 25

Protolanguage