Ch 57 exercise 3

Question 0

The amnion can be visualized with transvaginal sonography in the early first trimester between 4 and 5 weeks gestation as a thin membrane separating the ___ cavity (which contains the fetus) from the extraembryonic coelom and the secondary ___ sac

Answer 0

Amniotic

Yolk

Question 1

_____ allows the fetus to move freely within the amniotic cavity while also maintaining intrauterine temperature and protecting the developing fetus from injury

Answer 1

Amniotic fluid

Question 2

Amniotic fluid is produced by the umbilical cord, the ___,____, skin, and ____

Answer 2

Membranes
Lung
Kidneys

Question 3

As the fetus and placenta mature, amniotic fluid production and consumption change to include movement of fluid across the ___ and fetal skin, fetal urine output and fetal swallowing! and gastrointestinal absorption

Answer 3

Chorion frondosum

Question 4

Fetal production of urine and the ability to swallow begins between ___ and ___ weeks of gestation and becomes the major pathway for amniotic fluid production and consumption after this time period

Answer 4

8 & 11

Question 5

The fetus __ amniotic fluid, which is absorbed by the digestive tract. The fetus also __ urine! which is passed into the surrounding amniotic fluid

Answer 5

Swallows

Produces

Question 6

Fetal urination into the amniotic sac accounts for nearly the total volume of amniotic fluid by the second half of pregnancy, so that the quantity of fluid is directly related to ___ function

Answer 6

Kidney

Question 7

Normal lung development depends critically on the __ of amniotic fluid within the lungs

Answer 7

Exchange

Question 8

Inadequate lung development may occur when severe ___ is present, placing the fetus at high risk for developing small or hypo plastic lungs

Answer 8

Oligohydramnios

Question 9

The volume of amniotic fluid increases progressively until about 33 weeks gestation, with average increment per week of ___ ml from the 11th to the 15th week and ___ ml from the 15th to the 28th week of gestation

Answer 9

25

50

Question 10

At 20 to 30 weeks gestation, amniotic fluid may appear somewhat ____ although this typically represents a normal amniotic fluid variant

Answer 10

Generous

Question 11

At the end of pregnancy, the amniotic fluid is scanty, and ___ fluid pockets may be the only visible areas of fluid

Answer 11

Isolated

Question 12

The small for age fetus has __ amniotic fluid; the large for age fetus has ___ volume of fluid

Answer 12

Decreased

Increased

Question 13

Amniotic fluid generally appears ____ sonographically, although fluid particles (particulate matter) may be seen occasionally

Answer 13

Echo-free