Ch-56, 57, 58 Dermatologic/opthalmic/otic Drugs Flashcards
What kind of drugs decrease intra ocular pressure?
Cholinergics, adrenergics, beta adrenergic blockers, carbonic a hydrate inhibitors, osmotic diuretics, prostaglandin agonists
Cholinergic drugs are also known as what for ophthalmic drugs?
Miotics
What are the action of miotics(cholinergic drugs) as an optical in drug?
Cause miosis or pupillary constriction dilating the pupils
How does giving a cholinergic drug decrease intra ocular pressure?
Cholinergics cause contraction of pupils causing vasodilation widening the space where the aqueous humor can drain
Sympathomimetics (adrenergic) drugs are also called what as ophthalmic drugs?
Mydriatics
What are the actions of mydriatics (Sympathomimetics/adrenergics) ?
Stimulation of alpha and/or beta 2 ocular receptors to dilate pupils
When alpha receptors are activated by mydriatics what do they do for intra ocular pressure?
Dilate pupils increasing the outflow of aqueous humor
When beta 2 receptors are activated by mydriatics what happens to the intra ocular pressure?
Ocular vasodilation occurs preventing too much production of aqueous humor
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors do what for intra ocular pressure?
Inhibit enzyme carbonic anhydrase resulting in decreased intra ocular pressure
What condition would you use carbonic anhydrase inhibitors for?
Management of glaucoma
What should you be careful of before administering carbonic anhydrase inhibitors?
Make sure the patient does not have a sulfa allergy as they are related
Osmotic diuretics do what to alter intra ocular pressure?
Pulls excess fluid from the eye back into blood vessels balancing out the pressure
What kind of patients should stay away from osmotic diuretics drugs?
Patients with kidney failure, someone who is dehydrated, someone with heart failure
The nurse is assessing skin of a patient using benzoyl peroxide for 2 weeks as a treatment for acne. What side effect will show he is having an allergic reaction?
Blistering skin over the treatment area
When considering the variety of OTC topical corticosteroid products the nurse is aware that what type is most penetrating and effective?
Ointments
The nurse is monitoring an allergic reaction to topical bacitracin which would be evident in presence of ?
Itching and burning
When the nurse is teaching a patient about the mechanism of action if tretinoin what statement by the nurse is true?
This medication actually causes skin peeling
The ophthalmologist has given a patient a dose of ocular atropine drops before an eye exam. What are the reason for the drops?
These drops will cause your pupils to dilate which makes the eye exam easier
When assessing a patient who is receiving a direct acting cholinergic eye drop as part of treatment for glaucoma the nurse anticipates the he drug affects the pupil in what way?
It causes miosis or pupil constriction
During patient teaching regarding self administration of ophthalmic drops what statement is true?
Be sure to place the drops in the conjunctival sac of the lower eyelid
When the nurse is providing teaching about eye medication for glaucoma the nurse tells the patient miotics help glaucoma by what mechanism of action?
Decreasing intra ocular pressure
During the assessment of a glaucoma patient who has newly prescribed carbonic anhydrase inhibitor eye drops the nurse would report a history of what condition?
Allergy to sulfa drugs
A patient has undergone eye procedure during which ophthalmic mydriatics and anesthetic drops were used. The nurse gives what instructions to the patient?
Do not rub or touch the numb eye, be sure to wear sunglasses before you go outside, report any increase in eye pain or drainage to the doctor
The nurse is administering Sympathomimetic ophthalmic drops. What therapeutic effect will the eye drops have on the patient?
Reduced intra ocular pressure
