Ch 37- Respiratory Drugs

Question 1

What is the main function of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

Deliver oxygen to an d remove carbon dioxide from the cells ( exchange of carbon dioxide and oxygen)

Question 2

What does the lower respiratory tract consist of?

Answer 2

Trachea, bronchial tree, and lungs

Question 3

What kind of medications can be used to treat respiratory disorders?

Answer 3

Antihistamines, decongestants, expectorants, antitussives, bronchodilators, anti inflammatory agents

Question 4

What are some diseases related to the lower respiratory tract?

Answer 4

Asthma, chronic bronchitis, emphysema

Question 5

Bronchodilators do what to the respiratory system?

Answer 5

Relax bronchial smooth muscles causing the dilation

Question 6

What classification of drugs act as bronchodilators?

Answer 6

Beta adrenergic, anticholinergic, xanthine derivatives

Question 7

What do short acting beta 2 drugs do? ( albuterol)

Answer 7

Rescue inhaler.. For acute Asthma attacks

Question 8

What do long acting beta 2 drugs do? ( salmeterol)

Answer 8

Maintenance inhaler for long term use

Question 9

What should a nurse remember about someone using a beta adrenergic bronchodilator?

Answer 9

Don’t use with MAOI’s as it may cause hypertension crisis

Question 10

What do anticholinergics do find r the respiratory system?

Answer 10

Block acetylcholine receptors preventing bronchoconstriction

Question 11

What are some common adverse effects of using an anticholinergic as a bronchodilator?

Answer 11

Dry mouth, dry throat pharyngitis

Question 12

What is the action of xanthine derivatives in the respiratory system?

Answer 12

They interfere with the enzyme that breaks down cAMP increasing the amount of cAMP resulting in bronchodilation

Question 13

What happens if too too much cAMP is available?

Answer 13

Beta 1 can be stimulated increasing heart rate, bp, and contraction ( caffeine like effects )

Question 14

What are some interactions of xanthine derivatives?

Answer 14

Take with food but avoid ; high protein, low carb, and charcoal broiled food

Question 15

Leukotreine receptor antagonist is what kind of drug?

Answer 15

Non bronchodilating respiratory drug

Question 16

What does leukotreine receptor antagonists do for the respiratory system?

Answer 16

Reverse the normal leukotreine response causing bronchodilating, decrease inflammation, decrease mucus production

Question 17

What do leukotreines do in the body?

Answer 17

They cause inflammation response, bronchoconstriction, mucus production

Question 18

What is an important nursing action when giving someone a (LTRA)?

Answer 18

Monitor liver enzymes and monitor for allergies to lactose

Question 19

What are some types of non bronchodilating respiratory drugs?

Answer 19

Leukotreine receptor antagonist, corticosteroids

Question 20

What kind of drug is a corticosteroid?

Answer 20

Non bronchodilating respiratory drug

Question 21

What do corticosteroids do in the respiratory system?

Answer 21

Reduce inflammation in respiratory tract inhibiting bronchoconstriction

Question 22

What should a nurse do when instructing a patient how to use and inhaler corticosteroid?

Answer 22

Always clean inhaler after every use and rinse mouth out after every use to prevent oral infections

Question 23

Corticosteroids are often used with what other classification of drug?

Answer 23

Bronchodilators to open up airway before use of the corticosteroid

Question 24

What happens if someone abruptly stops taking/ using their corticosteroid inhaler?

Answer 24

Addisons crisis ( adrenal suppression, renal shut down)

Question 25

What is the action of monoclonal antibody antics thematic on the respiratory system?

Answer 25

Used as an asthma prevention given by injection every 2-4 weeks…..can cause anaphylaxis

Question 26

What is the action of phosphorites terse -4 inhibitor on the respiratory system?

Answer 26

Prevents coughing and excess mucus from worsening… Can cause psychiatric effects

Question 27

A patient who has a history of asthma is experiencing an acute episode of shortness of breath. The nurse will choose what kind of medication?

Answer 27

A beta agonist such as albuterol

Question 28

After a nebulizer treatment with the albuterol the patient complains of feeling shaky with tremors in the hand. The nurse knows what about this reaction?

Answer 28

Is an expected adverse effect of this medication

Question 29

A patient has been receiving an aminophylline ( xanthine derivative) infusion for 24 hours. The nurse will asses for what kind of adverse effect?

Answer 29

Sinus tachycardia

Question 30

During a teaching session for a patient receiving LTRA montelukast the nurse will tell the patient the drug has what kind of therapeutic effect?

Answer 30

Reduces inflammation in the airway

Question 31

After the patient takes a dose of an inhaled corticosteroid what is the most important action the patient needs to do next?

Answer 31

Rinse out mouth with water

Question 32

The nurse is teaching a patient about the inhaler Advair. What statements by the patient indicate a correct understanding?

Answer 32

“I will rinse my mouth out after each dose” “ I need to use this inhaler whenever I feel short of breath but not less than 4 hours between doses” “ I will call my doctor if I notice patched inside my mouth”

Question 33

A patient who is taking xanthine derivative for chronic bronchitis asks the nurse “ I miss my morning coffee I can’t wait to go home and have some” what is the nurses best response?

Answer 33

It’s important not to take coffee or other caffeinated products with this medication as it may cause increased heart rate as well as other problems