Ch 36- Antihistamines, Decongestants, Antitussives, Expectorants Flashcards
What causes congestion?
Dilation of blood vessels in the nasal cavity
Do medications used to treat respiratory disorders cure the diseases?
No they treat symptoms not virus
The release of histamine 1 causes what kind of response to the body?
Vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, increased secretions (lacrimal, saliva), itching
What effects do the release of histamine 2 have on the body?
Increase heart rate, increase GI secretions
If histamine has already releases in the body will taking an antihistamine reverse the reactions?
No
What are some examples of antihistamine H1 drugs?
Benadryl or Claritin
When people go into anaphylactic shock what is happening in their body?
Their body has released too much histamine. Antihistamines need to be given to block histamine receptor sites
What are some adverse effects of antihistamines?
Drowsiness, dry mouth, constipation, difficulty urinating
What groups of drugs can be classified as decongestants?
Adrenergics, anticholinergics, topical corticosteroids
What is the purpose of using decongestants?
Relieve nasal stuffiness by shrinking nasal membranes
How do adrenergic drugs help relieve nasal congestion?
Adrenergic alpha drugs constrict blood vessels shrinking mucosa decreasing secretions
How do anticholinergics help with decongestion?
Decrease gland secretion ( SLUDGE)
What is the purpose of antitussives?
Suppress coughing by depressing cough center in the medulla
What is the most common antitussives used?
Robitussin
What opioid drugs are used as antitussives?
Codeine and hydrocodone
