Ch 10- Analgesic Drugs

Question 1

Medications that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness are called what?

Answer 1

Analgesics

Question 2

List some examples of subjective pain assessments.

Answer 2

Intensity, location, quality, alleviating factors, aggregating factors

Question 3

List some examples of objective pain assessments.

Answer 3

Vital sign changes, positioning, behaviors, facial expression can be observed by others

Question 4

When a drug reaches a maximum analgesic effect and do not improve with higher doses what is that called?

Answer 4

Analgesic ceiling effect

Question 5

Opioids are used to treat what?

Answer 5

Severe pain

Question 6

What are the receptors that opioids bind to in the brain?

Answer 6

Mu, kappa, delta

Question 7

What are some actions of opioids?

Answer 7

Alters perception of pain, alters intestinal motility( any-diarrhea), suppress cough reflexes

Question 8

What are the two biggest opioids used?

Answer 8

Fentanyl and dilauduid

Question 9

What are some major adverse effects of opioids?

Answer 9

Constipation- slow GI motility
Respiratory depression
Nausea/ vomiting

Question 10

What kind of conditions would you not give opioids to?

Answer 10

People with asthma, COPD, and sleep apnea

Question 11

Opioids cause a histamine release in the body causing what to happen?

Answer 11

Arteries and veins dilate leading to flushing and hypotension

Will give allergy like symptoms

Question 12

In case of an opioid overdose what could be given to counteract responses?

Answer 12

An opioid antagonist - Narcan

Question 13

What are non opioid drugs used for?

Answer 13

Mild to moderate pain

Question 14

What are some examples of drugs in the non opioid class?

Answer 14

Acetaminophen, Tremadol, lidocaine

Question 15

What is the max amount of mg per day you can take of acetaminophen?

Answer 15

3000mg/day

Question 16

What is the risk of taking Tremedol a non opioid drug with an SSRI?

Answer 16

Can increase seratonin levels leading to seratonin syndrome

Question 17

What is the most widely used non opioid analgesic?

Answer 17

Acetaminophen

Question 18

What is acetaminophen doing in the body?

Answer 18

Blocking pain impulses by inhibition

Question 19

What are NSAIDS?

Answer 19

Non steroidal anti inflammatory drugs

Non opioid analgesics

Question 20

Name some examples of NSAID class drugs.

Answer 20

Motrin, Aspirin, and COX-2 inhibitor

Question 21

What kind of drug causes Reyes Syndrome?

Answer 21

Aspirin (NSAID) non opioid analgesic

Question 22

For best results when treating someone with severe pain associated with pathological spinal fractures related to metastatic bone cancer medication should be administered in what type of dose?

Answer 22

Around the clock with additional doses as needed for breakthrough pain

Question 23

A patient is receiving pain medication through a PCA pump. During rounds a nurse found him unresponsive. What should the nurse do immediately?

Answer 23

Administer an opiate antagonist per standing order

Question 24

A patient with bone pain is receiving fetynal patches. The patient asks what benefits the patches have? The nurses best response is?

Answer 24

More constant drug levels for analgesia

Question 25

IV morphine is prescribed to a patient who just had surgery. The nurse informs the patient of what potential side effects?

Answer 25

Constipation, pruritus, and nausea

Question 26

Several patients have orders for acetaminophen. The nurse discovers one of the patients has a contradiction to acetaminophen. What kind of patient would need alternative medication?

Answer 26

A patient with severe hepatitis

Question 27

An opioid analgesic is prescribed for a patient. The nurse checks the medical history knowing the med is contradicted with what disorder?

Answer 27

Severe asthma

Question 28

A patient with renal cancer needs an opiate for pain control. What opioid medication would be safest?

Answer 28

Methadone