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Med Surg 2 > Ch 53 > Flashcards

Ch 53 Flashcards

1
Q

Group of physical and emotional symptoms that occur in some women 7 to 10 days before menstruation

A

Premenstrual syndrome(PMS)
Or it’s more severe form premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD)

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2
Q

Diagnosis of PMS is based on data from an ___ in which the client keeps daily recordings of her symptoms for at least ___ months. The classic finding is that the client is symptom free during the period between the onset of menstruation and ovulation

A

Menstrual diary
2 months

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3
Q

To supplement medical treatment, the nurse encourages the client to make healthful lifestyle changes, such as the following: SATA (3)

A

Reducing or eliminating caffeine
Eliminating alcohol & smoking
Exercising aerobically 30 minutes most days of the week

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4
Q

Painful menstruation

A

Dysmenorrhea

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5
Q

Dysmenorrhea is treated with ___ and by treating the underlying cause if one is identified

A

Mild nonnarcotic analgesics

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6
Q

Knee to chest position to relieve discomfort

A

In dysmenorrhea

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7
Q

The absence of menstrual flow

A

Amenorrhea

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8
Q

Is infrequent menses

A

Oligomenorrhea

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9
Q

Treatment of amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea

A

Focuses on the correction of the underlying cause

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10
Q

A condition characterized by a cluster of signs and symptoms that include amenorrhea and oligomenorrhea

A

PCOS

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11
Q

What age does polycystic ovarian syndrome affect

A

Women between 20 and 40

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12
Q

Women with PCOS tend to have problems including: SATA (5)

A

Interference with menstruation and ovulation
Weight gain
Excessive growth of body hair,acne, thinning hair or baldness
Abnormal lipid levels
Hypertension

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13
Q

PCOS is associated with multiple endocrine abnormalities such as overproduction and inefficient use of ___ and high __ levels

A

Insulin
Testosterone

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14
Q

Excessive bleeding at the time of normal menstruation. It may be quantified as a menstrual flow that lasts more than 7 days

A

Menorrhagia

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15
Q

Symptomatic relief is accomplished in Menorrhagia with __,___, and ___

A

NSAIDs
Progestins
Contraceptives with combinations of estrogen and progestin

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16
Q

Detachments of the lining of the uterus

A

Endometrial ablation

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17
Q

Vaginal bleeding at the time other than menstrual period (unexpected and irregular)

A

Metrorrhagia

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18
Q

Post menopausal period begins __ after __

A

1 year after menstruation ceases

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19
Q

This period refers to the time during which ovarian activity gradually ceases

A

The climacteric or perimenopausal period

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20
Q

The cessation of the menstrual cycle (“change of life”)

A

Menopause

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21
Q

Menopause normally occurs as a natural physiologic process between __ &__ yrs of age

A

45 & 55

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22
Q

__ menopause that occurs when the ovaries are removed can occur at any age

A

Surgical

23
Q

Menopause occurs when ___ function diminishes

A

Ovarian

24
Q

In menopause __ and __ are reduced, ovulation gradually ceases, menstruation becomes irregular until it stops, and natural reproductive capacity ends

A

Estrogen & progesterone

25
Q

__ and menopause share many of the same symptoms, indicating the need for further evaluation to determine if a mood disorder is present

A

Depression

26
Q

During the perimenopausal period (the transitional period surrounding menopause) the women may experience vasomotor disturbances such as:
These common symptoms often are the ones for which women seek treatment

A

Hot flashes accompanied by sweating, sleep disturbances, irritability or depression, vaginal dryness, diminished libido, dyspareunia (pain during sex)

27
Q

Medical management for menopause

A

HRT; made for each pt on an individual basis
HRT or ERT is prescribed in the lowest appropriate does for the shortest time necessary.

28
Q

It is believed that estrogen in small doses can help prevent __ and relieve menopausal symptoms such as __ ___ and __. The risks of endometrial or breast cancer & seriousness of future MI and stroke may outweigh the potential benefit of preventing hip fractures and kyphosis that are secondary to osteoporosis

A

Osteoporosis
Hot flashes, night sweats, vaginal dryness

29
Q

Menopause = may need antidepressants

A

..

30
Q

FDA approved prescription substances made from soy and yams, are indistinguishable and similarly effective as those from naturally occurring estrogen and progesterone

A

Bioidentical hormones

31
Q

Nursing management with menopause: the nurse give the following suggestions:

A

Discuss with prescriber the benefits, risks and alternatives for HRT or ERT
Contact the provider if breakthrough bleeding or other symptoms occur while taking hormonal replacements

32
Q

A condition in which the vagina is inflamed

A

Vaginitis

33
Q

Most common cause of vaginitis (chemical or mechanical)

A

Feminine hygiene products, allergic reactions, age related tissue changes (atrophic vaginitis with menopause) INFECTIONS

34
Q

Assessment finding with vaginitis

A

Abnormal vaginal discharge

35
Q

Although the vagina is self protected by mucus secreting cells and an acidic environment (pH of __ to __) the tissue still may become disrupted

A

3.4-4.5

36
Q

__ women, those with __, and those who take __ have an excess of glycogen in vaginal mucus, which supports the growth of microorganisms

A

Pregnant
Unregulated diabetes
Hormonal contraceptives containing estrogen

37
Q

Curdy white discharge (cottage cheese)
Thick consistency
Strong odor

A

Candida albicans

38
Q

Candida albicans
Color of discharge:
Consistency:
Odor:

A

Curdy white (cottage cheese)
Thick
Strong

39
Q

Yellow white discharge
Foamy consistency
Foul odor

A

Trichomonas vaginalis

40
Q

Trichimonas vaginalis
Color of discharge:
Consistency:
Odor:

A

Yellow white
Foamy
Foul

41
Q

Grayish white discharge
Watery consistency
Fishy odor

A

Gardenerella vaginalis

42
Q

Gardnerella vaginalis
Color of discharge:
Consistency:
Odor:

A

Grayish white
Watery
Fishy

43
Q

Nursing management for vaginitis

A

Nurse may insert first vaginal med while teaching pt how to repeat (at bedtime)
Avoid routine douching
Lactobacillus acidophilus in capsule form or yogurt with active cultures of lactobacilli to replenish normal vaginal microorganisms
Sitz baths to relieve itching, burning or swelling of vulva and perineum,
Skin protectants containing zinc oxide to promote healing

44
Q

Inflammation of the cervix

A

Cervicitis

45
Q

In cervicitis the infection can travel upward through uterine and tubal structures leading to ___

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

46
Q

In cervicitis inflammation and subsequent formation of scar tissue increase the potential for __ or ___

A

Ectopic pregnancy
Difficulty conceiving

47
Q

Chronic cervicitis decreases the amount and quality of__ and alters __, both of which are underlying causes of infertility

A

Cervical mucus
pH

48
Q

An infection of the pelvic organs other than the uterus, including the ovaries (oophoritis), fallopian tubes (salpingitis), pelvic vascular system, and pelvic supporting sutures

A

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID)

49
Q

Most common pathogens related to PID

A

Gonicocci
Chlamydia trachomatis

50
Q

In PID the infection can travel up to the uterus to the fallopian tubes (salpingitis) and ovaries (oophoritis) and can result in a __ or __ as pus from the infected tube leaks into the abdomen

A

Pelvic abscess
Peritonitis

51
Q

A ruptured pelvic abscess requires __

A

Emergency surgery

52
Q

A type of septic shock, it is life threatening systemic reaction to the toxin produced by several kinds of bacteria

A

Toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

53
Q

PID = contact precautions

A

..

Med Surg 2 (8 decks)

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