Ch. 51 Questions

Question 1

1) Engulfing-phagocytic cells of innate immunity of vertebrates include _____.

I) neutrophils
II) macrophages
III) dendritic cells
IV) natural killer cells

Answer 1

I) neutrophils
II) macrophages
III) dendritic cells

Question 2

Inflammatory responses typically include _____.

A) release of substances to decrease the blood supply to an inflamed area
B) clotting proteins migrating away from the site of infection
C) increased activity of phagocytes in an inflamed area
D) inhibiting the release of white blood cells from bone marrow
E) reduced permeability of blood vessels to conserve plasma

Answer 2

C) increased activity of phagocytes in an inflamed area

Question 3

Acidity in human sweat is an example of _____.

A) acquired immunity
B) adaptive immunity
C) innate immunity
D) cell-mediated immune responses
E) antibody activation

Answer 3

C) innate immunity

Question 4

Arrange in the correct sequence these components of the mammalian immune system as it first responds to a pathogen.

I) Pathogen is destroyed.
II) Lymphocytes secrete antibodies.
III) Antigenic determinants from pathogen bind to antigen receptors on lymphocytes.
IV) Lymphocytes specific to antigenic determinants from pathogen become numerous.
V) Only memory cells remain.

Answer 4

III) Antigenic determinants from pathogen bind to antigen receptors on lymphocytes.
IV) Lymphocytes specific to antigenic determinants from pathogen become numerous.
II) Lymphocytes secrete antibodies.
I) Pathogen is destroyed.
V) Only memory cells remain.

Question 5

Clonal selection and differentiation of B cells activated by antigen exposure leads to the production of _____.

A) long-lived erythrocytes that can later secrete antibodies for the antigen
B) large quantities of the antigen initially recognized
C) short-lived plasma cells that secrete antibodies for the antigen
D) vast numbers of B cells with random antigen-recognition receptors
E) large numbers of neutrophils

Answer 5

C) short-lived plasma cells that secrete antibodies for the antigen

Question 6

CD4 and CD8 are _____.

A) T-independent antigens
B) molecules present on the surface of T cells where they interact with major histocompatability (MHC) molecules
C) molecules on the surface of antigen-presenting cells where they enhance B cell activity
D) receptors present on the surface of natural killer cells
E) proteins secreted by antigen-presenting cells

Answer 6

B) molecules present on the surface of T cells where they interact with major histocompatability (MHC) molecules

Question 7

Which statement best describes the difference in responses of effector B cells (plasma cells) and cytotoxic T cells?

A) B cells respond the first time a pathogen is present; cytotoxic T cells respond subsequent times.
B) B cells secrete antibodies against a pathogen; cytotoxic T cells kill pathogen-infected host cells.
C) B cells confer active immunity; cytotoxic T cells confer passive immunity.
D) B cells kill pathogens directly; cytotoxic T cells kill host cells.
E) B cells carry out the cell-mediated response; cytotoxic T cells carry out the humoral response.

Answer 7

B) B cells secrete antibodies against a pathogen; cytotoxic T cells kill pathogen-infected host cells.

Question 8

Lymphocytes mature in the _____.

I) spleen
II) thymus
III) bone marrow

Answer 8

I) spleen
II) thymus
III) bone marrow

Question 9

An immunoglobulin (Ig) molecule, of whatever class, with regions symbolized as C or V, H or L, has a light chain made up of _____.

A) three C regions and one V region
B) two C regions and two V regions
C) one H region and one L region
D) three H regions and one L region
E) one C region and one V region

Answer 9

E) one C region and one V region

Question 10

An epitope associates with which part of an antibody?

A) the tail
B) the disulfide bridge
C) variable regions of a heavy chain and light chain combined
D) the light-chain constant regions only
E) the heavy-chain constant regions only

Answer 10

C) variable regions of a heavy chain and light chain combined