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A&P Test 2 > ch. 5 terms > Flashcards

ch. 5 terms Flashcards

1
Q

the ________________ system consists of the ___, _____, _____, sweat and sebaceous glands

A

integumentary, hair, skin, nails

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2
Q

the 2 regions of the skin are the _____ and ______

A

dermis, epidermis

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3
Q

________ (epidermis/dermis) is avascular and is the superficial, (thinner/thicker) region that consists of keratinized stratified squamous ET

A

epidermis, thinner

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4
Q

Epidermis consists of ______________ _____________ squamous ET

A

keratinized stratified

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4
Q

Hypodermis (is/is not) part of the skin but shares some of its ______ in that the hypodermis is the subcutaneous layer deep to skin and consists of areolar CT and adipose tissue

A

is not, functions

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4
Q

the dermis (vascular) underlies the ______ (hypodermis/epidermis) and is the deeper, thicker layer that consist of mostly ______ (fibrous/nonfibrous) connective tissue, areolar CT is superficial and dense ______ CT is the deeper region

A

epidermis, fibrous, irregular

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5
Q

Functions of the Hypodermis are absorbing shock, __________ and to anchor skin to underlying structures mostly muscles

A

insulating

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5
Q

_______ cells are sensory touch receptors located at epidermal-dermal junctions

A

tactile

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5
Q

The pigment melanin is packaged into is called

A

melanosomes

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5
Q

Stratum spinosum is several cell layers (thin/thick)

A

thick

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5
Q

_________cytes produce ________ (fibrous/nonfibrous) keratin protein

A

keratino, fibrous

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6
Q

______cytes are located in deepest epidermis and produce a pigment called ______ (hello choco _____ from the mothaland)

A

Melano, melanin

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6
Q

______ cells are star-shaped ______ that patrol deep layers of the epidermis

A

dendritic, macrophages

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6
Q

Stratum ________ is found only in thick skin with all (9/5) layers

A

lucidum, 5

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6
Q

Stratum basale is the ______ (deepest/most shallow) of all epidermal layers

A

deepest

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6
Q

the Five layers of Epidermis are: (Can Lucy Give Some Blood)

A

Corneum, lucidum, granulosum, spinosum, basale

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6
Q

______ cells are actively dividing, producing two daughter cells with each ______ division

A

stem, miotic

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7
Q

Stratum _______ is (4-6/5-7) cells thick and the cells are flattened

A

granulosum, 4-6

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8
Q

Epidermis is made up of __ or __ distinct layers

A

4, 5

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8
Q

Dermis Contains the
1. Nerves
2. _____ vessels
3. ______ vessels
4. ______ hair follicles
5. ____ glands
6. ______ glands
7. ______ muscle = arrector pili muscle

A

blood, lymphatic, epidermal, oil, sweat, smooth

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8
Q

Stratum corneum is the superficial layer of 20–30 rows of flat, ___________(keratinized, nonkeratinized), anuclear, dead cells that accounts for three-quarters of _______ (epidermal/dermal) thickness

A

keratinized, epidermal

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8
Q

do stratum corneum cells still function even if they’re dead?

A

yes

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8
Q

________ consists of Areolar CT and Dense Irregular CT

A

dermis

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9
Q

thick skin contains __ layers, whereas, thin layers contain only __ layers

A

5, 4

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10
Q

another name for layers is

A

strata

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11
Q

Dermis has Two Layers
1. ______ layer
2. ________ layer

A

papillary, reticular

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12
Q

Papillary Layer is the ________ (superficial/deep) layer of areolar CT

A

superficial

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12
Q

Friction ridges = ______ ridges + ______ ridges

A

dermal, epidermal

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13
Q

Reticular Layer has a network of blood vessels that nourishes reticular layer called (cutaneous/subcutaneous) plexus

A

cutaneous

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13
Q

Reticular layer consists of dense ______ CT with elastic fibers and collagen fibers

A

irregular

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13
Q

Reticular Layer makes up about __% of dermal thickness

A

80

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14
Q

blisters are (fluid/air) -filled pockets that separate _______ and dermal layers of the skin

A

fluid, epidermal

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14
Q

Reticular layer cleavage lines are externally invisible and formed by many collagen fibers running (parallel, opposite) to skin surface

A

parallel

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15
Q

________- is a yellow to orange pigment that is most obvious in palms and soles

A

carotene

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15
Q

Hair (bulb/follicle) is the expanded area at deep end of follicle

A

bulb

15
Q

Flexure lines of reticular layer are dermal folds that are located _______ joints

A

at or near

15
Q

________ is the only pigment made in skin

A

melanin

15
Q

_________ causes the pinkish hue of fair skin

A

hemoglobin

15
Q

Hairs and nails contains (hard/soft) keratin

A

hard

15
Q

Hair (shaft/root) is the area that extends above scalp where keratinization is complete

A

shaft

15
Q

Hair consists of (dead/alive), keratinized epithelial cells

A

dead

15
Q

Hair Follicle is a tube-like extension from the ______ surface into ______

A

epidermal, dermis

16
Q

(arrector/errector) pili is a small band of smooth muscle attached to the follicle

A

arrector

16
Q

Hair papilla is a mound of dermal tissue containing capillaries that supplies (nutrients/collagen) to growing hair

A

nutrients

16
Q

Hair (shaft/root) is the area within scalp where keratinization is still going on

A

root

16
Q

Hair pigments are made by _____cytes in hair follicles

A

melano

16
Q

Hair follicle ______ is a sensory nerve ending that wraps around hair bulb

A

receptor

16
Q

Hair matrix is the (actively/nonactive) dividing area of hair bulb that produces the hair cells

A

actively

16
Q

(Vellus/venus) hair is pale, fine body hair found on children and adult females

A

vellus

17
Q

(terminus/terminal) hair is coarse, long hair found on scalp and eyebrows and can be dark

A

terminal

18
Q

Nail _____ is the thickened proximal portion of nail bed responsible for nail growth

A

matrix

18
Q

Nail (bed/plate) is the epidermis underneath keratinized nail plate

A

bed

18
Q

_________ Nail fold projects onto surface of nail body and is called eponychium or cuticle

A

proximal

19
Q

Hyponychium is the area under free edge of plate that accumulates _____ and secures free edge to finger or toe

A

dirt

19
Q

Nail folds are skin folds that overlap _____ of nail

A

border

20
Q

Sweat Glands are also called _______ glands

A

Sudoriferous

21
Q

The lunule, (round/crescent) shaped region, appears white because the thickened nail matrix hides the capillaries

A

crescent

22
Q

Eccrine Sweat Glands are the most _________ type

A

numerous

22
Q

Function of Eccrine Sweat Glands is _________

A

Thermoregulation

23
Q

Ceruminous glands line (external/internal) ear canal and secrete cerumen

A

external

23
Q

Mammary glands secrete ____ (think breastfeeding)

A

milk

23
Q

Composition of Sweat is 99% ____, _____, Vitamin ____, antibodies, and metabolic wastes

A

water, salts, C

23
Q

Sebaceous Glands are _____ Glands

A

oil

24
Q

Apocrine Sweat Glands are located in (pits), (poo), and (private) regions

A

axillary, anus, genital

25
Q

sebum helps to _____ hair, ____ water loss from skin, and kill bacteria

A

soften, slow

26
Q

Functions of Skin are first and foremost a barrier
a. ________
b. Body temperature regulation
c. Cutaneous sensations
d. Metabolic functions
e. ______ reservoir
f. ______ of wastes

A

protection, blood, excretion

27
Q
  1. _____; contains antimicrobial proteins
    2._____; kill bacteria
  2. ___ also secrete antimicrobial defensin
  3. ____ mantle: low pH of skin retards bacterial multiplication
  4. ________ provides a chemical barrier against UV radiation damage
A

sweat, sebum, cells, acid, melanin

27
Q

Chemicals w limited skin penetration that are able to penetrate the skin
1. Lipid-soluble substances
2. Plant oleoresins (e.g., poison ivy)
3. Organic solvents (acetone, paint thinner)
4. Salts of heavy metals (lead, mercury)
5. Some drugs (nitroglycerin)
6. Drug agents

A

repeat 3x

27
Q

the epidermis contains _____cytic cells

A

phagocytic

28
Q

If body temperature rises, dermal blood vessels (decrease/dilate)

A

dilate

28
Q

If body temperature decreases, dermal blood vessels (increase/constrict)

A

constrict

29
Q

Cutaneous Sensory Receptors are part of the which System

A

nervous

29
Q

Skin begins the pathway for the synthesis of vitamin (A/D/E/K)

A

D

29
Q

Skin can hold up to _% of the body’s total blood volume

A

5

30
Q

Skin can secrete (limitless/limited) amounts of nitrogenous wastes

A

limited

30
Q

Most skin tumors are benign (not _______) and do not spread (______size)

A

cancerous, meta

30
Q

Basal Cell Carcinoma is the (most/least) malignant and most common

A

least

30
Q

Squamous Cell Carcinoma is the second most common type and (can/won’t) spread

A

can

30
Q

melanoma is cancer of ________cytes and is the most dangerous because it is highly metastatic and resistant to chemotherapy

A

melanocytes

30
Q

Tissue damage from burns is caused by ____, electricity, radiation, and certain ______

A

heat, chemicals

30
Q

Burns classified by severity
1. ___-degree burns
2. ______-degree burns
3. ____-degree burns
4. _______-degree burns

A

1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th

30
Q

First-degree burn

(dermal/epidermal) damage only with localized redness, _____ (swelling), and pain

A

epidermal, edema

30
Q

Second-degree burn
All of the ______ and the upper part of the dermis is damaged leaving _____

A

epidermis, blisters

31
Q

First and second-degree burns are referred to as ______-thickness burns

A

partial

31
Q

Third-degree burn
All of the ______ and ______ is damaged and referred to as ____
thickness burns

A

epidermis, dermis, full

31
Q

Fourth-degree burn
A burn that extends through the ____ thickness of the skin and into the underlying ____, ___, muscles or tendons.

A

full, bone, fat

31
Q

Rule of Nines
A method of ______ the extent of body _____ that has been ______ in an adult.

A

estimating, surface, burned

A&P Test 2 (6 decks)

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