Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

A&P Test 2 > ch. 3B terms > Flashcards

ch. 3B terms Flashcards

1
Q

cell cycle consists of _____ and______ phase

A

interphase, miotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

cell cycle is a _____ of changes a ____ undergoes from the time it is formed until it _____

A

series, cell, reproduces

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

interphase is the ____ from cell ______ to cell ______, where the cell carries out its normal ______

A

period, formation, division, metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

the 3 parts of of interphase are _______, synthetic __________

A

gap 1, gap 2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

in gap 1 there is vigorous ______ and _______ of a cell

A

growth, metabolism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

cells that permanently cease dividing are said to be in _______

A

G0 phase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

in synthetic DNA _____ occurs

A

replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

in gap 2 the cells continue preparation for ________

A

division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

In DNA _________, the ______-stranded DNA helices unwind and “unzip”

A

replication, double

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

DNA polymerase is the ______ necessary to begin adding DNA nucleotides to complimentary bases

A

enzyme

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

name the 5 complementary bases: ATCGU

A

adenine, thymine, cytosine, guanine, uracil

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

complementary bases come from the _____________

A

nucleoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

DNA polymerase _______ strands at one time

A

synthesizes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

the end result of DNA replication is _______ “daughter” DNA molecules which are formed from the ________ DNA strands

A

identical, original

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

replicated strands are connected by a ________

A

centromere

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

duplicated chromosomes and duplicated DNA is called a _________

A

sister chromatid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

when one complete copy of DNA is given to each new
cell this is called _____ _____ division

A

cell miotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

________ muscle cells, _______ muscle cells, and ________ cells do not divide efficiently and eventually lose their ability to _______ and are replaced with ______ tissue

A

skeletal, cardiac, nerve, divide, scar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

the _____ phase of cell cycle is a phase in which ______ consists of 2 distinct events

A

miotic, division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

the 2 distinct events of the miotic phase are ______ and _______

A

mitosis, cytokinesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

the four stages of mitosis are _________, ___________, ________, and ________

A

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

in early prophase, the chromatin condenses forming visible chromosomes that _______

A

duplicate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the microtubules are also called the ________ spindle

A

miotic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

In late prophase, the nuclear envelope breaks up, ________ attach to centromeres and pull chromosomes to the ________of the cell

A

microtubules, center

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

In ___________, centromeres of chromosomes align at the cell’s _______

A

metaphase, equator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

an imaginary plane midway between poles is called ________ plate

A

metaphase

27
Q

In _______, the shortest all phases, the chromatids are pulled apart

A

anaphase

28
Q

________ begins during anaphase

A

cytokinesis

29
Q

______ begins when movement stops

A

telophase

30
Q

_________ begins during late anaphase and
continues through ________

A

cytokinesis, telophase

31
Q

a gene is a segment of ____ molecules that code for the synthesis of a ________

A

DNA, protein

32
Q

a genetic code is the specific order of 3 ______ bases of ____ that represents an ____ acid

A

nitrogen, mRNA, amino

33
Q

3 nitrogen bases make up what is called a

A

codon

34
Q

3 nucleotides on DNA are called a

A

triplet

35
Q

3 nucleotides on tRNA called an

A

anticodon

36
Q

_______ are part of a gene that codes for amino acids and exit the nucleus as ____

A

exons, DNA

37
Q

introns are _______ segments interspersed amongst exons and they remain ______ the nucleus

A

noncoding, inside

38
Q

_____ are the 3 nucleotides in a DNA triplet and a tRNA anticodon

A

GGC

39
Q

_____ are the 3 nucleotides in a mRNA codon

A

CCG

40
Q

RNA is the molecule that links DNA to ______

A

proteins

41
Q

______ copies DNA code in the nucleus and then mRNA carries the _____ into the cytoplasm

A

mRNA, gene

42
Q

name the 3 types of RNA

A

tRNA, mRNA, rRNA

43
Q

_________ RNA (mRNA) is a ______ stranded nucleotide
that copies genetic code

A

messenger, single

44
Q

_________ occurs in the nucleus and is the copying of the gene off of DNA into a ______ strand of mRNA

A

transcription, single

45
Q

_______ RNA is the structural component of ribosomes and the site of ______ synthesis

A

ribosomal, protein

46
Q

_______ RNA is a carrier RNA for a specific
amino acid

A

transfer

47
Q

________ occurs in the cytoplasm and is the process where _______ of tRNA pairs with codon of mRNA

A

translation, anticodon

48
Q

name the 3 phases of transcription:

A

initiation, elongation, termination

49
Q

in initiation, RNA polymerase _____ DNA strands

A

separates

50
Q

in elongation, RNA polymerase adds complementary _______ to
growing mRNA

A

nucleotides

51
Q

in termination, RNA polymerase _______ stops when RNA polymerase reaches special termination signal ______

A

transcription, code

52
Q

new mRNA is called ____-________

A

pre-mRNA

53
Q

translation involves _RNA, _RNA, _RNA, ______ code, translating ______, and occasionally the rough ER

A

t, m, r, genetic, events

54
Q

The genetic code contains ____ codons for only _____ amino acids

A

64, 20

55
Q

sequence for the only start codon is ____

A

AUG (methionine)

56
Q

sequence for the 3 stop codons are ___, ___, ___

A

UGA, UAG, UAA

57
Q

Ribosomes have 3 binding sites for tRNA which are __, __, __ site

A

Aminoacyl, Peptidyl, Exit

58
Q

When many ribosomes attach to the same mRNA, it is called a
_______

A

polyribosome

59
Q

role of rough er is to _____ the ribosome

A

signal

60
Q

apoptosis is programmed ____ ____ where the cell _____ of damaged or unused cells

A

cell death, disposes

61
Q

autophagy is ______ where the cell disposes of _______ organelles and cytoplasmic bits

A

self eating, nonfunctional

62
Q

hyperplasia is accelerated _____ that _______ cell numbers when needed

A

accelerated, increases

63
Q

atrophy is a ______ in size of organ or tissue that results from loss of ______, use, or _______

A

decrease, stimulation, disease

A&P Test 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions