Ch 5 - Power Flashcards
enpowerment
an increase in the capacity of people to bring about an intended outcome
power
the ability to bring about an intended outcome, even when opposed by others
persuade
to get people’s compliance by convincing them of the correctness of your position and goals
reward
to encourage people’s compliance by offering a positive incentive
coerce
to force compliance by threatening, intimidating, pressuring, or harming someone
power tactics
specific strategies people use to influence others in everyday life
hegemony
a condition that exists when those in power have successfully spread their ideas and marginalized alternative viewpoints so that their perspectives and interests are widely accepted as universal and true
legitimate power
authority that is voluntarily accepted by those who are affected
illegitimate power
a form of authority that relies on coercion or force to generate obedience
traditional authority
power that has legitimacy because of compliance with well established cultural practices
rational-legal authority
power that has legitimacy because it is based on established laws, rules, and procedures
charismatic authority
power whose legitimacy is derived from the extraordinary personal characteristics of an individual leader, which inspire loyalty and devotion
privilege
a special advantage or benefit that not everyone enjoys
standpoint theory
questions taken for granted assumptions about society by looking at it from multiple viewpoints, especially from the position from people in subordinate positions
inequality
the unequal distribution of resources among groups of people
class
a group of people who share a roughly similar economic position and lifestyle
life chances
the opportunities offered by a person’s economic position
social closure
the process whereby a status group maximizes its own advantages by restricting access to rewards only to members of the group
inter-sectionalist theory
highlights the connections and interactions between various forms of inequality, especial race, class, and gender
matrix of domination
the interlocking systems of oppression associated with race, class and gender
stratification systems
made up of social structures and cultural norms that create and maintain inequality by ranking people into a hierarchy of groups that receive unequal resources
social mobility
movement from one stratum of a stratification system to another
caste system
stratification based on various ascribed characteristics determined at birth
class system
features stratification determined by economic position, which results from a combination of individual achievement and family of birth
patriarchy
male domination through social institutions and cultural practices
