Ch 3 - Culture

Question 0

cultural lag

Answer 0

the ways new technology often outpace the norms that govern our collective experiences with these new technologies

Question 1

counterculture

Answer 1

a subculture that champions values and lifestyles distinctly opposed to those of the dominant culture

Question 2

cultural object

Answer 2

the physical item that is associated with people who share a culture

Question 3

cultural relativism

Answer 3

the practice of understanding a culture by its own standards

Question 4

culture shock

Answer 4

the experience of being disoriented because of a lack of knowledge about a social situation

Question 5

culture war

Answer 5

an intense disagreement about core values and moral positions

Question 6

dominant culture

Answer 6

the culture that permeates a society and that represents the ideas and practices of those in positions of power

Question 7

dominant ideology

Answer 7

a widely held and regularly reinforced set of assumptions that generally support the current social system and serve the interests of authorities

Question 8

ethnocentrisim

Answer 8

the practice of judging another culture by the standard of one’s own

Question 9

folkways

Answer 9

group habits or customs that are common in a given culture

Question 10

high culture

Answer 10

cultural forms associated with elites that are widely recognized as valuable and legitimate

Question 11

ideal culture

Answer 11

what the members of a culture report to be their values, beliefs, and norms

Question 12

ideology

Answer 12

a system of meaning that helps define and explain the world and that makes value judgments about that world

Question 13

material culture

Answer 13

the physical objects produced by people in a particular culture
ex- tools clothes toys art housing

Question 14

nonmaterial culture

Answer 14

ideas of a culture

ex- values beliefs knowledge norms

Question 15

mores

Answer 15

norms that are strictly enforced, with potentially severe penalties for violating them

Question 16

multiculturalism

Answer 16

the recognition, valuing, and protection of the distinct cultures that make up a society

Question 17

popular culture

Answer 17

cultural forms that are widespread and commonly embraced in a society

Question 18

real culture

Answer 18

what members of a culture actually do, which may or may not reflect the ideal

Question 19

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

Answer 19

the idea that because of their different cultural content and structure, languages affect how their speakers think and behave

Question 20

subculture

Answer 20

cultures associated with smaller groups in society that have distinct norms, values and lifestyles setting them apart from the dominant culture

Question 21

xenophobia

Answer 21

unreasonable hatred or fear of foreigners or people of a different culture