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11-217 Instruments > Ch 5 Nav techniques and procedures > Flashcards

Ch 5 Nav techniques and procedures Flashcards

1
Q

Unless authorized by ATC no person may operate within controlled airspace under IFR except

A
  • Federal Airways, centerline

- along direct course between Navigation aids or fixes defining a route

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2
Q

Using Ground based Naviads requires

A
  • Tune/ identify (morse code)

- A/C capable of translating morse code (alphanumeric is visible)

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3
Q

How are VOR Identified?

A

-VOR repeated three-letter morse code

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4
Q

Tune and Identify

A

-pilot will tune/ select desired frequency or channel, then positively ID it

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5
Q

Monitor Signal

A

-pilot will monitor station identification to ensure a reliable signal being transmitted

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6
Q

If an approach requires NDB what must the pilot do?

A

pilot will monitor identifier for the entire approach

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7
Q

Homing to a station

A

when a pilot places the head of the bearing pointer under the upper lubber line and corrects back to this (no wind correction)

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8
Q

Proceeding direct to station

A

turn in shorter direction to place head of bearing pointer at the top, then center the DCI (pull out knob) with a TO indication and apply wind drift correction

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9
Q

Intercept heading Inbound course

A

-look in the shorter direction to head of the bearing pointer, continue past by 30 degrees or degrees off course

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10
Q

Intercept heading outbound course

A

-from tail of bearing pointer move in shorter direction to desired course, continue past 45 degrees or degrees off whichever is less

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11
Q

For both inbound/ outbound what if desired course is within 90 degrees

A

it’s considered no-wind intercept heading

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12
Q

What degree intercept should you never exceed

A

90 degrees

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13
Q

Maintaining an ARC

A

-keep head of the bearing pointer on the 90 degree indexer (Place above indexer to decrease DME and below to increase DME)

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14
Q

To legally perform a radial/DME Fix you must have

A
  • primary navigation equipment is area nav (RNAV) capable
  • radar monitoring by ATC
  • locally defined arrival/departure procedures
  • operational necessity dictates or conforms to military enroute ops
  • operating in the NAS and given clearance
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15
Q

Performing a fix-to-fix

A
  • visualize center as VOR/DME and A/C on tail with fix somewhere on head of bearing pointer (the greater distance will be on the edge of the compass card)
  • turn in shortest direction, split course and head bearing pointer
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16
Q

If the fix is less/same/greater DME how do you visualize fix

A

-If the DME is less the fix will be closer to the head of the bearing pointer, if greater the fix will be closer to the desired course

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17
Q

What makes a plane RNAV capable

A

-A/C can display given point (FMS, INS, LORAN or integrated GPS nav)

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18
Q

Required Navigation Performance Type (RNP Type)

A

stating navigation performance of the aircraft for at least 95 percent of total flight time, value is a must remain within distance (RNP-5 airspace A/C remains within 5 miles 95% of time)

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19
Q

Enroute RNAV

A

A/C must navigate intended RNP type route or within RNP type airspace, may require backup equipment (VOR/DME, TACAN)

20
Q

Terminal RNAV

A

consists of both approach and departure procedures, RNAV must be used as sole source of nav information for instrument approaches (RNAC approaches must be retrieved from A/C database not manually loaded)

21
Q

Two types of GPS

A
  • International Frequency Registration Board (IFRB) made by USA
  • Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System (GLONASS) being made by the Ruskies (Russia)
22
Q

How accurate is Standard Positioning Service (SPS)

A

horizontal/vertical signal accuracy of 13 meters and 22 meters with 95% accuracy

23
Q

How accurate is Precise Positioning Service (PPS)

A

received only by military GPS receivers with valid crypto key is accurate within 9 meters

24
Q

Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitor (RAIM)

A

required for GPS use in IFR navigation and requires at least 5 satellites to check integrity

25
Q

What does barometric aiding allows how many satellites to validate?

A

4

26
Q

When is predictive RAIM required?

A

when a mission requires GPS

27
Q

When is predictive RAIM required?

A

when a mission requires GPS

28
Q

How do you check GPS NOTAMS

A

Enter KGPS as the airfield

29
Q

Fault Detection and exclusion (FDE)

A

Allows GPS equipment to detect and exclude faulty satellites, FDE requires a min of 6 satellites or 5 with Baro-aiding

30
Q

Without FDE how significant can errors be

A

in excess of 100 NM

31
Q

FDE is required when

A

GPS is primary source of nav in remote/oceanic areas

32
Q

Who updates navigation databases

A

National Geospatial-intelligence Agency (NGA) or commercial Vendor on a 28 day cycle

33
Q

Database requirements to use GPS for terminal area

A

all procedures (DP, Standard Terminal Arrival [STAR], IAP) must be retrieved entirely from current, approved database

34
Q

Can user manually alter terminal procedures from database

A

No

35
Q

What must be available to cross-check Database

A

paper or EFB copy of applicable instrument approaches (IAP, SID, STAR)

36
Q

Can you continue a flight if database has expired?

A

Yes, if flight can be verified with current FLIP but cannot use to fly procedure requiring terminal or better accuracy (terminal or approach)

37
Q

How Can you define airways?

A

be retrieving from a database or by manually entering waypoints along the airway (only compulsory waypoints are required)

38
Q

How are RNAV airways be retrieved?

A

From a database in their entirety using airway identifier but if manually entered all waypoints must be entered with flower altitudes

39
Q

Are step down fixes always shown in database

A

No, pilots are responsible for step down fixes

40
Q

What is max allowable difference in distance between RNAV and GPS approaches

A

0.1 NMm if more the approach shouldn’t be flown

41
Q

Variation between charted final approach course in IAP and final approach course computed by A/C should be less than?

A

5 degrees, if more procedure isn’t authorized

42
Q

ILS transmitter code for Tune/ID

A

repeated 4 letter morse code group, in the US 1st letter is “I” to denote ILS

43
Q

How’s a TACAN Identified?

A

TACAN station transmits an aural three-letter Morse code identifier approximately every 35 seconds.

44
Q

How’s an ILS Localizer identified?

A

The ILS localizer transmitter puts out a repeated four-letter Morse code group. In the US, the first letter of the identifier is always “I” to denote the facility as an ILS.

45
Q

GPS Terminal sensitivity?

A

1.0 NM and you can consider yourself in terminal area 25 NM from facility

46
Q

GPS allowable differences in NM and degrees off waypoint/course?

A

0.1 NM and 5 degrees or less

11-217 Instruments (10 decks)

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