CH 5 Medical Term Flashcards
ACE inhibitor
block the action of the enzyme that causes the blood vessels to contract resulting in hypertension
anemia
lower-than-normal number of erythrocytes in the blood
aneurysm
localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery
angia
inadequate blood flow to the myocardium causing chess pain
angioplasty
technique of mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel
anticoagulant
slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming
aplastic anemia
absence of all formed blood elements caused by the failure of blood production
arrhythmia
loss of normal rhythm of the heart beat
atherectomy
surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery
atheroma
deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall
atherosclerosis
hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaque
atrial fibrillation
rhythmic contractions replaced by irregular twitching
automated external defibrillator
automatically samples electrical rhythms of the heart
beta-blocker
reduces the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heartbeat
blood dyscrasia
pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood
bradycardia
slow resting heart rate
cardiac arrest
heart abruptly stops beating or arrhythmia preventing lack of pumping blood
cardiac catheterization
catheter is passed into a vein or artery and then guided into the heart
cardiomyopathy
all diseases of the heart muscle
carotid endarterectomy
surgery to treat carotid artery disease
cholesterol
fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body
chroni venous insufficiency
venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valve
coronary thrombosis
damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery
defibrillation
electrical shock to restore hearts normal rhythm
diuretic
administered to stimulate the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine to rid the body excess sodium and water
electrocardiogram
record of the electrical activity of the myocardium
embolism
sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus
embolus
foreign object, blood clots, quantity of air or gas, bit of tissue, tumor, circulating in the blood
endocarditis
inflammation in the inner lining of the heart
erythrocytes
red blood cells (RBC) transport O2 to tissue
hemoglobin
the protein contained in red blood cells that is responsible for delivery of oxygen to the tissues
hemolytic anemia
inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to premature destruction of red blood cells by spleen
hemostasis
a process to prevent and stop bleeding
ischemic heart disease
cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood
leukemia
cancer by progressive increase in the number of abnormal leukocytes
leukocytes
white blood cells(WBC) defending the body against infections
leukopenia
decrease number of disease-fighting white blood cells
megaloblastic anemia
blood disorder characterized by anemia in which the re blood cells are larger than normal
myelodysplastic syndrom
insufficient amount of blood on or two types from bone marrow
myocardial infraction
(heart attack) blockage of on or more coronary arteries
orthostatic hypotension
low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up
pericardium
the membrane enclosing the heart
pernicious anemia
caused by lack of the protein intrinsic factor
phlebitis
inflammation of a vein
raynauds disease
peripheral arteries occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress.
septicemia
symptoms, spiking fever, chills, rapid breathing, rapid heart rate
sickle cell anemia
abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape
tachycardia
rapid resting heart rate
temporal arteritis
headaches, visual impairment, jaw pain, and other symptoms
thallium stress test
performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries during exercise
thrombocytopenia
abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood
thrombolytic
enzymes that kick off the process of breaking down proteins (fibrins) that form clots
thrombosis
abnormal condition of having thrombus
thrombotic occlusion
blocking an artery by a thrombus
thrombus
blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein
transfusion reaction
serious and potentially fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which sever immune response occurs
valvulitis
inflammation of heart valve
varicose veins
swollen veins that usually occur in the superficial veins of the legs
ventricular fibrillation
an arrhythmia that starts in your ventricle
ventricular tachycardia
a type of abnormal heart rhythm, or arrhythmia
