CH. 5- Infection Control: Principles & Practices Flashcards
A disease that breaks down the body’s immune system. Is caused by the human immunodeficiency virus.
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation (such as flu vaccinations), or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, cat dander, and ragweed.
Acquired immunity
Reaction due to extreme sensitivity to certain foods, chemicals, or other normally harmless substances.
Allergy
Chemical germicides formulated for use on skin; registered and regulated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Antiseptics
A process of properly handling sterilized and disinfected equipment and supplies to reduce contamination.
Aseptic procedures
Showing no symptoms or signs of infection.
Asymptomatic
A device for sterilization by steam under pressure.
Autoclave
Short rod-shaped bacteria. They are the most common bacteria and produce diseases such as tetanus (lockjaw), typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and diphtheria.
Bacilli
One-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics. Some are harmful; some are harmless.
Bacteria (singular: bacterium)
Capable of destroying bacteria.
Bactericidal
The division of bacteria cells into two new cells called daughter cells.
Binary fission
The number of viable organisms in or on an object or surface or the organic material on a surface or object before decontamination or sterilization.
Bioburden
Disease-causing microorganisms carried in the body by blood or body fluids, such as hepatitis and HIV.
Bloodborne pathogens
Abbreviated BSI; a system of precautions developed by a Seattle hospital in 1987 to prevent contact with bodily substances and fluids by using protective apparel to prevent the spread of communicable disease.
Body substance isolation
Detergents that break down stubborn films and remove the residue of products such as scrubs, salts, and masks.
Chelating soaps or chelating detergents
A mechanical process (scrubbing) using soap and water or detergent and water to remove all visible dirt, debris, and many disease-causing germs. Also removes invisible debris that interferes with disinfection.
Clean (cleaning)
Round-shaped bacteria that appear singly (alone) or in groups. The three types are staphylo—–, strepto—–, and diplo—–.
Cocci
Also known as communicable disease; a disease that is spread from one person to another person. Such as the common cold, ringworm, conjunctivitis (pinkeye), viral infections, and natural nail or toe and foot infections.
Contagious disease
The presence, or the reasonably anticipated presence, of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface or visible debris or residues such as dust, hair and skin.
Contamination
Contamination that occurs when you touch one object and then transfer the contents of that object to another, such as touching skin, then touching a product without washing your hands.
Cross-contamination
The removal of blood or other potentially infectious materials on an item’s surface and the removal of visible debris or residue such as dust, hair, and skin.
Decontamination
A type of fungi that causes skin, hair, and nail infections.
Dermatophytes
Determination of the nature of a disease from its symptoms and/or diagnostic tests. Federal regulations prohibit salon professionals from performing a ———.
Diagnosis
Spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia.
Diplococci
Transmission of blood or body fluids through touching (including shaking hands), kissing, coughing, sneezing, and talking.
Direct transmission
An abnormal condition of all or part of the body, or its systems or organs, that makes the body incapable of carrying on normal function.
Disease
Chemical products that destroy all bacteria , fungi, and viruses (but not spores) on surfaces.
Disinfectants
The process that eliminates most, but not necessarily all, microorganisms on nonporous surfaces. This process is not effective against bacterial spores.
Disinfection (disinfecting)
The ability to produce an effect.
Efficacy
Contact with nonintact (broken) skin, blood, body fluid, or other potentially infectious materials that is the result of the performance of an employee’s duties.
Exposure incident
Also known as cilia; slender, hair-like extensions used by bacilli and spirilla for locomotion (moving about).
Flagella
Also known as sycosis barbae, or barber’s itch. Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by a bacterial infection from ingrown hairs. The cause is typically from ingrown hairs due to shaving or other epilation methods.
Folliculitis (folliculitis barbae)
Microscopic plant parasites, which include molds, mildews, and yeasts; can produce contagious diseases such as ringworm.
Fungi (singular: fungus)