CH 11- Disorders & Diseases of the Skin Flashcards
Chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands that is characterized by comedones and blemishes; commonly known as —- simplex or —- vulgaris.
Acne
Disorder where clients purposely scrape off acne lesions, causing scarring and discoloration.
Acne excoriee
Pink or flesh-colored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough; resulting from sun damage.
Actinic keratoses
Absence of melanin pigment in the body, including skin, hair, and eyes; the technical term for ——– is congenital leukoderma or congenital hypopigmentation.
Albinism
Deficiency in perspiration, often a result of a fever or skin disease, that requires medical treatment.
Anhidrosis
Dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency, which can be due to aging, body disorders, alkalies of harsh soaps, or cold exposure.
Asteatosis
Excess inflammation; dry skin, redness, and itching from allergies and irritants.
Atopic dermatitis
Most common and the least severe type of skin cancer, which often appears as light, pearly nodules; characteristics include sores, reddish patches, or a smooth growth with an elevated border.
Basal cell carcinoma
Foul-smelling perspiration, usually in the armpits or on the feet.
Bromhidrosis
Large blister containing watery fluid; similary to a vesicle, but larger.
Bulla (plural: bullae)
Cluster of boils; large inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphylococci bacterium; similar to a furuncle (boil) but larger.
Carbuncle
Also known as liver spots; condition characterized by hyperpigmentation on the skin in spots that are not elevated.
Chloasma
Mass of hardened sebum and skin cells in a hair follicle; and open —— or blackhead when open and exposed to oxygen. Closed ——— are whiteheads that are blocked and do not have a follicular opening.
Comedo (plural: comedones)
Tendency for an ingredient to clog follicles and cause a buildup of dead skin cells, resulting in comedones.
Comedogenic
Also known as pinkeye; very contagious infection of the mucous membranes around the eye; chemical, bacterial, or viral causes.
Conjunctivitis
Inflammatory skin condition caused by contact with a substance or chemical. Occupational disorders from ingredients in cosmetics and chemical solutions can cause ——- ———- (a.k.a. dermatitis venenata). Allergic ——- ——— is from exposure to allergens; irritant ——- ———- is from exposure to irritants.
Contact dermatitis
Dead cells form over a wound or blemish while it is healing, resulting in a accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal material. An example is the scab on a sore.
Crust
Closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below the skin.
Cyst
Any inflammatory condition of the skin; various forms of lesions such as eczema, vesicles, or papules; the three main categories are atopic, contact, and seborrheic ———-.
Dermatitis
Physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails.
Dermatologist
Medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment.
Dermatology
Inflammatory, painful itching disease of the skin, actue or chronic in nature, with dry or moist lesions. This condition should be referred to a physician. Seborrheic dermatitis, mainly affection oily areas, is a common form of ——.
Eczema
Swelling caused by a fluid imbalance in cells or a response to injury or infection.
Erythema
Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping.
Excoriation
Crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis. Chapped lips or hands are ——-s.
Fissure
Also known as ———— barbae, sycosis barbae, or barber’s itch. Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by a bacterial infection from ingrown hairs. The cause is typically from ingrown hairs due to shaving or other epilation methods.
Folliculitis
Also known as boil; a subcutaneous abscess filled with pus; ——– are caused by bacteria in the glands or hair follicles.
Furuncle
Strain of the herpes virus that causes fever blisters or cold sores; it is a recurring, contagious viral infection consisting of a vesicle or group of vesicles on a red, swollen base. The blisters usually appear on the lips or nostrils.
Herpes simplex virus 1
Strain of herpes virus that infects the genitals.
Herpes simplex virus 2
Also known as shingles; a painful viral infection skin condition from the chickenpox virus; characterized by groups of blisters that form a rash in a ring or line.
Herpes zoster
Excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, medications, or medical conditions; also called diaphoresis.
Hyperhidrosis
Thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinized cells (keratinocytes).
Hyperkeratosis
Over-production of pigment.
Hyperpigmentation
Abnormal growth of the skin; many are benign, or harmless.
Hypertrophy
Absense of pigment, resulting in light or white splotches.
Hypopigmentation
A contagious skin infection caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria, characterized by clusters of small blisters or crusty lesions and often occuring in children.
Impetigo
Thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue (collagen).
Keloid
Acquired, superficial, thickened patch of epidermis. A callus is a ——– caused by continued, repeated pressure or friction on any part of the skin, especially the hands and feet.
Keratoma
Abnormally thick buildup of cells.
Keratosis (plural: keratoses)
Redness and bumpiness common on the cheeks or upper arms; it is caused by blocked hair follicles. The patches of irritation are accompanied by a rough texture and small pinpoint white milia.
Keratosis pilaris
Freckles; small yellow-brown colored spots. Lentigenes that result from sunlight exposure are actinic, or solar, lentigenes. Patches are referred to as large macules.
Lentigo
Mark, wound, or abnormally; structural changes in tissues caused by damage or injury.
Lesions
Skin disorder characterized by light, abnormal patches; congenital, acquired, post-inflammatory, or other causes that destroy pigment-producing cells. Vitiligo and albinism are ————.
Leukoderma
Flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle. ——- are neither raised nor sunken.
Macule (plural: maculae)
Most serious form of skin cancer as it can spread quickly (metastasize). Black or dark patches on the skin are usually uneven in texture, jagged, or raised. ———- may have surface crust or bleed.
Malignant melanoma
Epidermal cysts; small, firm papules with no visible opening; whitish, pearl-like masses of sebum and dead cells under the skin. —– are more common in dry skin types and may form after skin trauma, such as a laser resurfacing.
Milia
Also known as prickly heat; acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands resulting in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure.
Milia rubra
Pigmented nevus; a brownish spot ranging in color from tan to bluish black. Some are flat, resembling freckles; others are raised and darker.
Mole
Also known as birthmark; malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries.
Nevus
These are often referred to as tumors, but these are smaller bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infections.
Nodules
