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Esthetics > CH 11- Disorders & Diseases of the Skin > Flashcards

CH 11- Disorders & Diseases of the Skin Flashcards

1
Q

Chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands that is characterized by comedones and blemishes; commonly known as —- simplex or —- vulgaris.

A

Acne

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2
Q

Disorder where clients purposely scrape off acne lesions, causing scarring and discoloration.

A

Acne excoriee

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3
Q

Pink or flesh-colored precancerous lesions that feel sharp or rough; resulting from sun damage.

A

Actinic keratoses

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4
Q

Absence of melanin pigment in the body, including skin, hair, and eyes; the technical term for ——– is congenital leukoderma or congenital hypopigmentation.

A

Albinism

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5
Q

Deficiency in perspiration, often a result of a fever or skin disease, that requires medical treatment.

A

Anhidrosis

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6
Q

Dry, scaly skin from sebum deficiency, which can be due to aging, body disorders, alkalies of harsh soaps, or cold exposure.

A

Asteatosis

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7
Q

Excess inflammation; dry skin, redness, and itching from allergies and irritants.

A

Atopic dermatitis

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8
Q

Most common and the least severe type of skin cancer, which often appears as light, pearly nodules; characteristics include sores, reddish patches, or a smooth growth with an elevated border.

A

Basal cell carcinoma

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9
Q

Foul-smelling perspiration, usually in the armpits or on the feet.

A

Bromhidrosis

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10
Q

Large blister containing watery fluid; similary to a vesicle, but larger.

A

Bulla (plural: bullae)

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11
Q

Cluster of boils; large inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue caused by staphylococci bacterium; similar to a furuncle (boil) but larger.

A

Carbuncle

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12
Q

Also known as liver spots; condition characterized by hyperpigmentation on the skin in spots that are not elevated.

A

Chloasma

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13
Q

Mass of hardened sebum and skin cells in a hair follicle; and open —— or blackhead when open and exposed to oxygen. Closed ——— are whiteheads that are blocked and do not have a follicular opening.

A

Comedo (plural: comedones)

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14
Q

Tendency for an ingredient to clog follicles and cause a buildup of dead skin cells, resulting in comedones.

A

Comedogenic

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15
Q

Also known as pinkeye; very contagious infection of the mucous membranes around the eye; chemical, bacterial, or viral causes.

A

Conjunctivitis

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16
Q

Inflammatory skin condition caused by contact with a substance or chemical. Occupational disorders from ingredients in cosmetics and chemical solutions can cause ——- ———- (a.k.a. dermatitis venenata). Allergic ——- ——— is from exposure to allergens; irritant ——- ———- is from exposure to irritants.

A

Contact dermatitis

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17
Q

Dead cells form over a wound or blemish while it is healing, resulting in a accumulation of sebum and pus, sometimes mixed with epidermal material. An example is the scab on a sore.

A

Crust

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18
Q

Closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below the skin.

A

Cyst

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19
Q

Any inflammatory condition of the skin; various forms of lesions such as eczema, vesicles, or papules; the three main categories are atopic, contact, and seborrheic ———-.

A

Dermatitis

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20
Q

Physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails.

A

Dermatologist

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21
Q

Medical branch of science that deals with the study of skin and its nature, structure, functions, diseases, and treatment.

A

Dermatology

22
Q

Inflammatory, painful itching disease of the skin, actue or chronic in nature, with dry or moist lesions. This condition should be referred to a physician. Seborrheic dermatitis, mainly affection oily areas, is a common form of ——.

A

Eczema

23
Q

Swelling caused by a fluid imbalance in cells or a response to injury or infection.

A

Erythema

24
Q

Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping.

A

Excoriation

25
Q

Crack in the skin that penetrates the dermis. Chapped lips or hands are ——-s.

A

Fissure

26
Q

Also known as ———— barbae, sycosis barbae, or barber’s itch. Inflammation of the hair follicles caused by a bacterial infection from ingrown hairs. The cause is typically from ingrown hairs due to shaving or other epilation methods.

A

Folliculitis

27
Q

Also known as boil; a subcutaneous abscess filled with pus; ——– are caused by bacteria in the glands or hair follicles.

A

Furuncle

28
Q

Strain of the herpes virus that causes fever blisters or cold sores; it is a recurring, contagious viral infection consisting of a vesicle or group of vesicles on a red, swollen base. The blisters usually appear on the lips or nostrils.

A

Herpes simplex virus 1

29
Q

Strain of herpes virus that infects the genitals.

A

Herpes simplex virus 2

30
Q

Also known as shingles; a painful viral infection skin condition from the chickenpox virus; characterized by groups of blisters that form a rash in a ring or line.

A

Herpes zoster

31
Q

Excessive perspiration caused by heat, genetics, medications, or medical conditions; also called diaphoresis.

A

Hyperhidrosis

32
Q

Thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinized cells (keratinocytes).

A

Hyperkeratosis

33
Q

Over-production of pigment.

A

Hyperpigmentation

34
Q

Abnormal growth of the skin; many are benign, or harmless.

A

Hypertrophy

35
Q

Absense of pigment, resulting in light or white splotches.

A

Hypopigmentation

36
Q

A contagious skin infection caused by staphylococcal or streptococcal bacteria, characterized by clusters of small blisters or crusty lesions and often occuring in children.

A

Impetigo

37
Q

Thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue (collagen).

A

Keloid

38
Q

Acquired, superficial, thickened patch of epidermis. A callus is a ——– caused by continued, repeated pressure or friction on any part of the skin, especially the hands and feet.

A

Keratoma

39
Q

Abnormally thick buildup of cells.

A

Keratosis (plural: keratoses)

40
Q

Redness and bumpiness common on the cheeks or upper arms; it is caused by blocked hair follicles. The patches of irritation are accompanied by a rough texture and small pinpoint white milia.

A

Keratosis pilaris

41
Q

Freckles; small yellow-brown colored spots. Lentigenes that result from sunlight exposure are actinic, or solar, lentigenes. Patches are referred to as large macules.

A

Lentigo

42
Q

Mark, wound, or abnormally; structural changes in tissues caused by damage or injury.

A

Lesions

43
Q

Skin disorder characterized by light, abnormal patches; congenital, acquired, post-inflammatory, or other causes that destroy pigment-producing cells. Vitiligo and albinism are ————.

A

Leukoderma

44
Q

Flat spot or discoloration on the skin, such as a freckle. ——- are neither raised nor sunken.

A

Macule (plural: maculae)

45
Q

Most serious form of skin cancer as it can spread quickly (metastasize). Black or dark patches on the skin are usually uneven in texture, jagged, or raised. ———- may have surface crust or bleed.

A

Malignant melanoma

46
Q

Epidermal cysts; small, firm papules with no visible opening; whitish, pearl-like masses of sebum and dead cells under the skin. —– are more common in dry skin types and may form after skin trauma, such as a laser resurfacing.

A

Milia

47
Q

Also known as prickly heat; acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat glands resulting in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure.

A

Milia rubra

48
Q

Pigmented nevus; a brownish spot ranging in color from tan to bluish black. Some are flat, resembling freckles; others are raised and darker.

A

Mole

49
Q

Also known as birthmark; malformation of the skin due to abnormal pigmentation or dilated capillaries.

A

Nevus

50
Q

These are often referred to as tumors, but these are smaller bumps caused by conditions such as scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infections.

A

Nodules

Esthetics (5 decks)

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