Ch 5 - Family Problems Flashcards
Chapter 5 - Family Problems
Family
A kinship system of all relatives living together or recognized as a social unit, including adopted people.
Monogamy
Marriage between two partners; the only legal form of marriage in the US.
Serial Monogamy
A succession of marriages in which a person has more than one spouse over a lifetime but is legally married to only one person at a time.
Polygamy
A form of marriage in which one person may have two or more spouses.
Polygyny
A form of marriage in which one husband has more than one wife.
Polyandry
The concurrent marriage of one woman to two or more men.
Bigamy
The criminal offense in the US of marrying one person while still legally married to another.
Domestic Partnership
A status that some states, counties, cities, and workplaces grant to unmarried couples, including gay and lesbian couples, which conveys various rights and responsibilites.
Living Apart Together (LAT) Relationships
An emerging family form in which couples-married or unmarried-live apart in separate residences.
Refined Divorce Rate
The number of divorces per 1,000 married women.
Marital Decline Perspective
A pessimistic view of the current state of marriage that includes the beliefs that (1) personal happiness has become more important than marital commitment and family obligations, and (2) the decline in lifelong marriage and the increase in single-parent families have contributed to a variety of social problems.
Marital Resiliency Perspective
A view of the current state of marriage that includes the beliefs that (1) poverty, unemployment, poorly funded schools, discrimination, and the lack of basic services (such as health insurance and child care) represent more serious threats to the well-being of children and adults than does the decline in married two-parent families, and (2) divorce provides adults and children an escape from dysfunctional home environments.
Patriarchy
A male-dominated family system that is reflected in the tradition of wives taking their husband’s last name and children taking their father’s name.
Intimate Partner Violence (IPV)
Actual or threatened violent crimes committed against individuals by their current or former spouses, cohabiting partners, boyfriends, or girlfriends.
Cycle of Abuse
A pattern of abuse in which a violent or abusive episode is followed by a makeup period when the abuser expresses sorrow and asks for forgiveness and “one more chance,” before another instance of abuse occurs.
Child Abuse
The physical or mental injury, sexual abuse, negligent treatment, or maltreatment of a child younger than age 18 by a person who is responsible for the child’s welfare.
Neglect
A form of abuse involving the failure to provide adequate attention, supervision, nutrition, hygiene, health care, and a safe and clean living environment for a minor child or a dependent elderly individual.
Shaken Baby Syndrome
A form of child abuse whereby the caretaker shakes a baby to the point of causting the child to experience brain or retinal hemorrhage.
Elder Abuse
The physical or psychological abuse, financial exploitation, or medical abuse or neglect of the elderly.
Corporal Punishment
The intentional infliction of pain for a perceived misbehavior.
Second Shift
The household work and child care that employed parents (usually women) do when they return home from their jobs.
No-Fault Divorce
A divorce that is granted based on the claim that there are irreconcilable differences within a marriage (as opposed to one spouse being legally at fault for the marital breakup).
Individualism
The tendency to focus on one’s individual self-interests and personal happiness rather than on the interests of one’s family and community.
Parental Alienation
The intentional efforts of one parent to turn a child against the other parent and essentially destroy any positive relationship a child has with the other parent.
Covenant Marriage
A type of marriage (offered in a few states) that requires premarital counseling and that permits divorce only under condition of fault or after a marital separation of more than two years.
Divorce Mediation
A process in which divorcing couples meet with a neutral third party (mediator) who assists the individuals in resolving issues such as property division, child custody, child support, and spousal support in a way that minimizes conflict and encourages cooperation.
