Ch 5 - Countries of Central & Southern Asia Flashcards
Name Asia’s three ancient cultures and tell the general area where they were located.
Mesopotamia - the Tigris-Euphrates Valley
India - the Indus Valley
China - the Huang He/Yellow River Valley
Who began the caste system, and why?
The Aryans, to keep the Dravidians and Aryan peoples apart from each other.
What is the caste system?
a strict social plan to keep people apart from each other
Who were the Aryans?
invaders from north India who conquered the Dravidians
Name the four main castes.
Brahmins (priests)
princes and warriors
landowners and merchants
farmers, labourers, and servants
What was an outcaste or “untouchable”?
A person who broke the rules of his caste and was thrown out of his caste.
What is the main religion in India today?
Hinduism
What do Hindus believe about Brahma?
That Brahma is a universal spirit made up of many gods, and that man’s spirit is part of Brahma.
What is reincarnation?
Reincarnation is when someone dies and their soul is reborn into some other newborn man or animal.
What religion was started by a man dissatisfied with Hinduism?
Buddhism
What does Buddha mean?
Englightened One
What word did Buddha use to describe the state of being free of suffering?
Nirvana
What material gets its name from an Indian city, and which city is it named for?
Calico; Calicut
Who first brought India’s cotton goods to Europe?
Alexander the Great
What English company controlled India for a time?
East India Company
What is a dynasty?
A dynasty is a line of rulers that succeed each other in the same family.
What empire controlled India at the time of Christ?
the Mauryan dynasty
What European was the first to reach India by sailing around Africa?
Vasco da Gama
Name three missionaries to India.
William Carey
Henry Martyn
Adoniram Judson
Amy Carmichael
Who was a key leader in India’s struggle for independence?
Mahatma Gandhi
Who was India’s first prime minister?
Nehru
What two new countries were once part of India?
Bangladesh (East Pakistan)
Pakistan (West Pakistan)
Name the three main rivers of India.
the Ganges
the Indus
the Brahmaputra
What are seasonal winds that bring heavy rains?
monsoons
What is India’s capital city?
New Delhi
What is India’s largest city?
Mumbai (Bombay)
What is the world’s highest chain of mountains?
the Himalayas
Name the world’s highest peak, found in the Himalayan mountains.
Mount Everest
Who was known as the “Father of Modern Missions”?
William Carey
Who was known as the “Rescuer of Indian children”?
Amy Carmichael
Name three Indian contributions to mathematics.
place values
numerals
zero
What structure was built as a tomb for the wife of an Indian ruler?
Taj Mahal
