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Old World History & Geography > Ch 3 - Ancient Middle East > Flashcards

Ch 3 - Ancient Middle East Flashcards

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1
Q

What three continents come together in the Middle East?

A

Africa, Europe, and Asia

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2
Q

What has the Middle East been called?

A

The Crossroads of the Ancient World

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3
Q

What is a Bedouin?

A

Bedouins are Arabs who wander from place to place with their herds of camels, sheep, and goats.

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4
Q

What do we call people who constantly move from one place to another?

A

Nomads

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5
Q

Describe a millstone.

A

Two flat, round stones, one on top of the other.

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6
Q

What was the purpose of a millstone and how did it work?

A

A millstone was used to grind grain. Grain would be dropped into a hole in the upper stone, and then the stone would be turned. As the heavy stones rubbed together, the grain was ground into flour.

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7
Q

What is threshing?

A

Threshing is the job of separating grain from the husk of the plant in which it grew.

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8
Q

What was the most common way of threshing grain?

A

The most common way was to beat the grain with a stick and turn it over again and again.

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9
Q

How did people cope with the extreme heat in the middle of the day?

A

They took a break from their work.

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10
Q

What two natural gifts made the Phoenicians the first great sea traders of the world?

A
  1. The seacost gave them a place to build excellent harbours
  2. The forests in the Lebanon Mountains gave them strong wood to build good boats.
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11
Q

People who carry one country’s good to another country, like the Phoenicians did, are called…

A

…middlemen

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12
Q

An important city in Africa with which the Phoenicians traded was…

A

…Carthage

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13
Q

What was the Phoenicians’ most valuable contribution to the world?

A

the alphabet

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14
Q

What is papyrus?

A

Papyrus is a paper-like material made from the papyrus plant.

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15
Q

What did the Phoenicians call the books that were made from papyrus?

A

biblios

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16
Q

Which ancient cities were famous for their manufacturing of a purple dye from murex?

A

Tyre and Sidon (in Phoenicia)

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17
Q

What is murex?

A

Murex is a kind of sea snail found along the Phoenician coast that was used to make purple dye.

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18
Q

Who were the earliest inhabitants of Asia Minor?

A

The Hittites

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19
Q

The re-discovery by archaeologist of which ancient peoples is evidence of the truth of the Bible?

A

the Hittites

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20
Q

The Hittites were known for building great…

A

…empires

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21
Q

What is an empire?

A

It is a group of countries or kingdoms under the control of a more powerful ruler who controls the empire (called an emperor).

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22
Q

What do we call the kind of trade where you give some of your own goods in exchange for the goods you desire?

A

barter

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23
Q

What replaced bartering as a system of trade?

A

money

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24
Q

What word means to make coins?

A

mint

25
Q

Which group of people minted the first coins?

A

the Lydians

26
Q

What were some of the advantages of trading using coins?

A
  1. Easier to carry than a bar of metal.
  2. More convenient than bartering.
  3. Could be stamped with a seal to make it easier to see whether the metal had been cut.
27
Q

Who was the last king of Lydia, whose great riches led to the common saying “as rich as ???”

A

Croesus

28
Q

Between what sea and what river does Israel lie?

A

Between the Mediterranean Sea and the Jordan River

29
Q

Why was Israel often invaded by enemies?

A

Its location between Mesopotamia and Egypt made it the centre of the ancient world.

30
Q

What is the longest and most important river in Israel?

A

The Jordan River

31
Q

What is a crack in the earth’s surface called?

A

a fault

32
Q

What is the lowest place on the earth’s land surface?

A

the Dead Sea

33
Q

What is unusual about the Dead Sea?

A

It is the saltiest body of water in the world.

34
Q

What is the Dead Sea also known as?

A

the Salt Sea

35
Q

Which group of people are the descendents of Abraham?

A

the Israelites

36
Q

What did God promise Abraham?

A

God promised the land of Canaan to Abraham and his descendents.

37
Q

Who was the best-known Canaanite god, the god of war and storms?

A

Baal

38
Q

Did the Canaanites leave many important gifts to civilization? Why or why not?

A

They didn’t leave anything important because they were so involved in their wicked practices that they had no time for great accomplishments.

39
Q

Who led the Hebrews out of Egypt and received the Ten Commandments on Mt Sinai?

A

Moses

40
Q

Who led the Israelites to victory at Jericho?

A

Joshua

41
Q

God chose the first leaders of the Israelites and called them…

A

…judges

42
Q

Who was the first king of Israel and lost his throne because of disobedience?

A

Saul

43
Q

After Saul, Israel’s first king, disobeyed God and failed, whom did God appoint to become king of Israel?

A

God appointed David as the next king.

44
Q

Who was the third king of Israel?

A

Solomon

45
Q

What did King Solomon build at Jerusalem?

A

He built the Temple.

46
Q

When Israel fell and was split into two kingdoms, what was the Northern Kingdom, made up of ten tribes, known as?

A

Israel

47
Q

When Israel fell and was split into two kingdoms, what was the Souther Kingdom, where Jerusalem was located, called?

A

Judah

48
Q

Which group of people conquered the ten tribes of Israel (the Northern Kingdom)?

A

the Assyrians

49
Q

In what great Assyrian city did the prophet Jonah preach?

A

He preached in Ninevah.

50
Q

What did the great highway leading from Babylon to several other cities help Babylon to become?

A

It helped Babylon become a centre for world trade.

51
Q

Whose empire was known as the First Babylonian Empire?

A

Hammurabi’s

52
Q

What is Hammurabi most remembered for today?

A

He created a code of laws known as the Code of Hammurabi

53
Q

Name one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World and tell why it was built.

A

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were built to remind one of King Nebuchadnezzar’s wives of the beautiful mountains where she grew up.

54
Q

How was Babylon defeated?

A

It was invaded by the Medes and the Persians under Cyrus the Great.

55
Q

Who defeated the Persians?

A

the Greeks

56
Q

Which prophet served in the government of Babylon and Persia?

A

Daniel

57
Q

Who was the clever Persian ruler who allowed the Jews to return to Jerusalem?

A

Cyrus the Great

58
Q

What peninsula is the home of Turkey today?

A

the peninsula of Asia Minor

Old World History & Geography (28 decks)

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