Ch. 5 (Communicating Nonverbally)

Question 1

Nonverbal communication

Answer 1

behaviors and characteristics that convey meaning without use of words. Some may accompany words, other may convey meaning on their own

Question 2

Six Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication:

Answer 2

1) Present in most communication contexts (emojis, nonverbal channels) 2) Often conveys more than verbal communication 3) Usually believed over verbal communication (Deception) 4) Primary means of expressing emotions 5) Metacommunicates

Question 3

Functions of Nonverbal Communication

Answer 3

Managing conversations, maintaining relationships (immediacy behaviors like eye contact, touch, distance, vocal tone), forming impressions, influencing others, concealing info

Question 4

10 Channels of Nonverbal Communication

Answer 4

Facial displays, Oculesics (eye behaviors), Kinesics (study of movement) & Gesticulation (study of gestures), Haptics (study of touch), Vocalics (paralanguage), Olfactics (study of smell), Proxemics, Physical appearance, Chronemics, and Artifacts

Question 5

Facial displays

Answer 5

important in these areas: Identity, Attractiveness (symmetry & proportionality), and Emotion

Question 6

Oculesics (Eye behaviors)

Answer 6

comprise a second nonverbal channel. Eye contact and pupil size

Question 7

Kinesics & Gesticulation

Answer 7

study of movement and study of gestures. Includes: emblems, illustrators, affect displays, regulators, adaptors

Question 8

Haptics

Answer 8

study of touch; includes: affectionate touch, caregiving touch, power & control touch, aggressive touch, and ritualistic touch

Question 9

Vocalics (paralanguage)

Answer 9

aspects of the voice that convey meaning. include: pitch, filler words, inflection, articulation, volume, accent, rate, and silence

Question 10

Olfactics

Answer 10

study of smell. Memory: olfactic associations, Sexual attraction: we are drawn to people with different scents.

Question 11

Proxemics

Answer 11

how we use space to communicate. Hall’s spatial zones: Intimate distance (0 - 1.5ft), Personal distance (1.5 - 4ft), Social distance (4 - 12ft), and Public distance (12 - 25ft+)

Question 12

Physical appearance

Answer 12

Sends messages, whether intentionally or unintentionally. Halo effect: we attribute positive qualities to attractive people. Pressure to be attractive can lead to, or worsen, eating disorders.

Question 13

Chronemics

Answer 13

The way we use time to communicate. Time sends messages about value and power. (Ex: pauses, punctuality)

Question 14

Artifacts

Answer 14

The objects and visual features in an environment that reflect who we are. Can also reflect how we wish to be seen by others.

Question 15

Cultural influences on nonverbal communication:

Answer 15

Emblems, affect displays, personal distance, eye contact, facial displays of emotion, greeting behavior, time orientation, touch, and vocalics

Question 16

Sexual influences on nonverbal communication:

Answer 16

Emotional expressiveness, vocalics, touch, and appearance

Question 17

Interpreting nonverbal communication:

Answer 17

Be sensitive to nonverbal messages, remind yourself that much of a person’s communication is conveyed nonverbally, pay particular attention to facial expressions, and take note of tone of voice and body movement. Also, decipher the meaning of nonverbal messages, be aware of the situation, pay attention to groups of nonverbal behaviors, and keep culture in mind.

Question 18

Expressing nonverbal messages

Answer 18

Work on your self-awareness, learn from others, practice being expressive, and pay attention to how others react to your behavior