Ch. 5 and 5s

Question 1

What is the difference between value analysis and value engineering?

Answer 1

Value analysis goal is to reduce costs while value engineering is to have good performance at low costs while still meeting customer expectations.

Question 2

What product definition documentation shows dimensions, tolerances, materials, and finishes of a component?

Answer 2

Engineering drawing

Question 3

What product definition documentation typically shows the hierarchy of components, their description, and the quantity of each required to make one unit of a product?

Answer 3

Bill of materials

Question 4

What product definition documentation shows in schematic form how a product is assembled?

Answer 4

Assembly chart

Question 5

What document lists the operations necessary to produce the component with the material specified in the bill of material?

Answer 5

Engineering drawing – A drawing that shows the dimensions, tolerances, materials and finishes of a component (shows how to make one item on the bill of material)

Question 6

A restaurant kitchen contains a wall poster that shows, for each sandwich on the menu, a sketch of the ingredients and how they are arranged to make the sandwich. What is this type of poster called?

Answer 6

Assembly drawing

Question 7

What is the service design techniques used to increase service efficiency?

Answer 7

Process-chain network analysis and process chain

Question 8

What type of analysis focuses on the ways in which processes can be designed to optimize interaction between firms and their customers?

Answer 8

Process-chain network analysis

Question 9

A sequence of steps that accomplishes an identifiable purpose such as building a home, completing a tax return or repairing a television. The network is the set of entities that are involved in a particular process chain, making decisions about parts of the process.

Answer 9

Process Chain

Question 10

According to PCN analysis, which process region includes process steps in which one participant is acting on another participant’s resources, such as their information, materials, or technologies?

Answer 10

Surrogate (substitute) interaction

Question 11

In a PCN analysis, what is a sequence of steps that accomplishes an identifiable purpose of providing value to process participants called?

Answer 11

Process chain

Question 12

What are the three process regions from PCN analysis?

Answer 12

Direct interaction, surrogate (substitute) interaction, and independent processing.

Question 13

What are direct interaction, surrogate interaction, and independent processing?

Answer 13

Process regions

Question 14

Focuses on ways in which processes can be designed to optimize interaction between firms and their customers

Answer 14

process-chain-network (PCN) analysis

Question 15

How do you improve service efficiency and productivity?

Answer 15

Limit the options, delay customization, modularization, automation, and moment of truth.

Question 16

How is the expected value of each course of action in a decision tree determined?

Answer 16

The expected monetary value of a decision alternative is the sum of all possible payoffs from the alternative, each weighted by the probability of that payoff occurring

Question 17

How can decision trees assist in product decisions?

Answer 17

Summarizes decision alternatives and their possible consequences, including chance event outcomes, resource costs, and utility,

Question 18

What is the potential role of decision trees in product design?

Answer 18

Decision trees can help determine the product design that should produce best expected value for each state of nature

Question 19

In analyzing product design decisions, what do decision trees determine for each course of action?

Answer 19

Decision trees find the option with the best expected value, includes all possible alternatives including doing nothing.

Question 20

CSR is form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. In operations, it means managers should consider how products and services affect people and the environment.

Answer 20

corporate social responsibility

Question 21

means meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Sustainability means understanding a business as part of a human community first and a means for making profits second.

Answer 21

Sustainability

Question 22

What are the 3Rs for sustainability?

Answer 22

Reduce, reuse, and recycle

Question 23

What is design for disassembly?

Answer 23

Cost-benefit analysis

Question 24

What three impacts does corporate social responsibility have in decision-making?

Answer 24

Environmental, societal, and financial

Question 25

What are the three types or categories of sustainability?

Answer 25

Systems views, commons, and triple bottom line

Question 26

Management of the flow of goods between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet requirements of customers.

Answer 26

Logistics

Question 27

What term refers to analysis of environmental impacts of products from the design stage through the product end-of-life?

Answer 27

Life cycle assessment

Question 28

What is Life Cycle Assessment for a product?

Answer 28

Evaluates environmental impact of a product

Question 29

What is the Life Cycle Assessment process?

Answer 29

Goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation.

Question 30

What is the assessment of the environmental impact of a product or service throughout it’s useful life is known as?

Answer 30

Life cycle assessment

Question 31

In the context of environmental regulation, the “cap-and-trade” principle produces a market that allows companies to purchase and sell what?

Answer 31

Emission allowances

Question 32

What principle does the European Union Emissions Trading System works upon?

Answer 32

“Cap-and-trade” principle. Cap and trade is an environmental policy tool that delivers results with a mandatory cap on emissions while providing sources flexibility in how they comply.

Question 33

What is the formula for revenue retrieval of a product that has reached the end of its life?

Answer 33

Revenue Retrieval= total resale revenue + total recycling revenue - total processing cost - total disposal cost

Question 34

What is sometimes referred to as the fourth “R” of sustainability?

Answer 34

Reputation