Ch. 5 and 5s Flashcards
What is the difference between value analysis and value engineering?
Value analysis goal is to reduce costs while value engineering is to have good performance at low costs while still meeting customer expectations.
What product definition documentation shows dimensions, tolerances, materials, and finishes of a component?
Engineering drawing
What product definition documentation typically shows the hierarchy of components, their description, and the quantity of each required to make one unit of a product?
Bill of materials
What product definition documentation shows in schematic form how a product is assembled?
Assembly chart
What document lists the operations necessary to produce the component with the material specified in the bill of material?
Engineering drawing – A drawing that shows the dimensions, tolerances, materials and finishes of a component (shows how to make one item on the bill of material)
A restaurant kitchen contains a wall poster that shows, for each sandwich on the menu, a sketch of the ingredients and how they are arranged to make the sandwich. What is this type of poster called?
Assembly drawing
What is the service design techniques used to increase service efficiency?
Process-chain network analysis and process chain
What type of analysis focuses on the ways in which processes can be designed to optimize interaction between firms and their customers?
Process-chain network analysis
A sequence of steps that accomplishes an identifiable purpose such as building a home, completing a tax return or repairing a television. The network is the set of entities that are involved in a particular process chain, making decisions about parts of the process.
Process Chain
According to PCN analysis, which process region includes process steps in which one participant is acting on another participant’s resources, such as their information, materials, or technologies?
Surrogate (substitute) interaction
In a PCN analysis, what is a sequence of steps that accomplishes an identifiable purpose of providing value to process participants called?
Process chain
What are the three process regions from PCN analysis?
Direct interaction, surrogate (substitute) interaction, and independent processing.
What are direct interaction, surrogate interaction, and independent processing?
Process regions
Focuses on ways in which processes can be designed to optimize interaction between firms and their customers
process-chain-network (PCN) analysis
How do you improve service efficiency and productivity?
Limit the options, delay customization, modularization, automation, and moment of truth.
How is the expected value of each course of action in a decision tree determined?
The expected monetary value of a decision alternative is the sum of all possible payoffs from the alternative, each weighted by the probability of that payoff occurring
How can decision trees assist in product decisions?
Summarizes decision alternatives and their possible consequences, including chance event outcomes, resource costs, and utility,
What is the potential role of decision trees in product design?
Decision trees can help determine the product design that should produce best expected value for each state of nature
In analyzing product design decisions, what do decision trees determine for each course of action?
Decision trees find the option with the best expected value, includes all possible alternatives including doing nothing.
CSR is form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. In operations, it means managers should consider how products and services affect people and the environment.
corporate social responsibility
means meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Sustainability means understanding a business as part of a human community first and a means for making profits second.
Sustainability
What are the 3Rs for sustainability?
Reduce, reuse, and recycle
What is design for disassembly?
Cost-benefit analysis
What three impacts does corporate social responsibility have in decision-making?
Environmental, societal, and financial
What are the three types or categories of sustainability?
Systems views, commons, and triple bottom line
Management of the flow of goods between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet requirements of customers.
Logistics
What term refers to analysis of environmental impacts of products from the design stage through the product end-of-life?
Life cycle assessment
What is Life Cycle Assessment for a product?
Evaluates environmental impact of a product
What is the Life Cycle Assessment process?
Goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation.
What is the assessment of the environmental impact of a product or service throughout it’s useful life is known as?
Life cycle assessment
In the context of environmental regulation, the “cap-and-trade” principle produces a market that allows companies to purchase and sell what?
Emission allowances
What principle does the European Union Emissions Trading System works upon?
“Cap-and-trade” principle. Cap and trade is an environmental policy tool that delivers results with a mandatory cap on emissions while providing sources flexibility in how they comply.
What is the formula for revenue retrieval of a product that has reached the end of its life?
Revenue Retrieval= total resale revenue + total recycling revenue - total processing cost - total disposal cost
What is sometimes referred to as the fourth “R” of sustainability?
Reputation
