Ch. 5/6: Language/Religion

Question 1

A system of communication through speech, a collection of sounds that a group of people understands to have the same meaning

Answer 1

Language

Question 2

To be used for official documents and public objects (e.g. road signs and money)

Answer 2

Official language

Question 3

Refers to a system of written communication

Answer 3

Literacy tradition

Question 4

Collection of language-related through a distant common ancestral language

Answer 4

Language family

Question 5

Collection of languages within a family related through a common ancestral language

Answer 5

Language branch

Question 6

Collection of languages within a branch

Answer 6

Language group

Question 7

-Predominately people from South Asia, North America, and Latin America
- 2/3 of the world’s population speaks a language under this branch

Answer 7

Indo-European

Question 8

• e.g. Mandarin Chinese
• Spoken in the People’s Republic of China and smaller countries

Answer 8

Sino-Tibetan

Question 9

• e.g. Arabic
• Spoken in Southwestern Asia and North Africa (and bits of East Africa)

Answer 9

Afro-Aslatic

Question 10

Informal Latin

Answer 10

Vulgar Latin

Question 11

A theory made by Marija Gimbutas stated that Proto-Indo-European ancestral language and diffused while traveling

Answer 11

Kurgan/Nomadic Warrior Theory

Question 12

A theory made by Colin Renfrew that the 1st speakers of English of Proto-Indo-European lived in present-day Turkey and emigrated to Europe and South Asia

Answer 12

Renfrew Hypothesis/ Secondary Farmer Hypothesis

Question 13

Modern English evolved from which Germanic tribes

Answer 13

Angles, Saxons, and Jutes

Question 14

A language that is adopted as a common language between speakers whose native language are different

Answer 14

Lingua franca

Question 15

A language that contains more than 2 language combined

Answer 15

Pidgin language

Question 16

Symbols that represent words or meaningful parts of words

Answer 16

Logograms

Question 17

Regional variations of a language

Answer 17

Dialects/Accents

Question 18

A dialect that is well established and widely recognized as the most acceptable for government, business, education, and mass communication

Answer 18

Standard language

Question 19

Word-usage boundary

Answer 19

Isogloss

Question 20

A language that results from using a colonizer’s language with an indigenous language

Answer 20

Creole/Creolized Language

Question 21

A language unrelated to any other language, therefore, not attached to any language family

Answer 21

Isolated language

Question 22

A language that is no longer used anymore

Answer 22

Extinct language

Question 23

3 Largest Religions

Answer 23

• Christianity
• Islam
• Buddhism

Question 24

Folk Religions

Answer 24

• Hinduism
• Judaism
• Animism

Question 25

Attempt to be global, not just for one certain culture or group

Answer 25

Univeralizing religion

Question 26

Primarily to one group of people living in one place

Answer 26

Ethnic/Folk Religion

Question 27

Belief that God doesn't exist

Answer 27

Atheism

Question 28

Belief that nothing can be known about whether God exists

Answer 28

Agnoticism

Question 29

A large and fundamental division within a religion (e.g. Orthodoxy)

Answer 29

Branch

Question 30

A division of a branch that unifies a number of local congregations (e.g. Roman Catholicism)

Answer 30

Denomination

Question 31

Where are Sikhs located?

Answer 31

In the Punjab region of India

Question 32

to refer to the practices of ancient people who had multiple gods with human forms (e.g. the Greeks)

Answer 32

Pagan

Question 33

Dispersion of people outside of their original homeland

Answer 33

Diaspora

Question 34

How are pagodas evidence of Buddhism's diffusion?

Answer 34

People would move to different countries to build them

Question 35

Set of religious beliefs concerning the origin of the universe

Answer 35

Cosmogony

Question 36

Journey for religious purposes to a sacred place

Answer 36

Pilgrimage

Question 37

Well-defined geographic structure and organizes territory into local administrative units (e.g. Roman Catholics - pope)

Answer 37

Hierarchial religion

Question 38

A religion that does not have a central authority but shares ideas and cooperates informally (e.g. Islam)

Answer 38

Autonomus religion

Question 39

Strict adherence to bring back basic principles of a religion (e.g. the Taliban in Afghanistan)

Answer 39

Fundamentalism

Question 40

Sacred place of Hinduism

Answer 40

Ganges River

Question 41

Sacred place of Islam

Answer 41

the Hajj in Mecca

Question 42

Saced place of Christianity

Answer 42

Jerusalem and St. James road

Question 43

Sacred place of Judaism

Answer 43

the Western Wall in Jerusalem

Question 44

Sacred place for Buddhism

Answer 44

Lumbini, Nepal (Buddha's birth place)

Question 45

Only one language is spoken

Answer 45

Monolingual states

Question 46

More than one language is spoken

Answer 46

Multilingual states

Question 47

When a group of people take control of a country and make everyone follow their orders

Answer 47

Conquest theory