Ch 5 & 6 - digestive system - Terminology Flashcards
4 functions of the digestive system
ingestions, digestion, absorption and elimination.
enzymes
speed up chemical reactions and aid the breakdown of complex nutrients
amino acids
small building blocks of proteins, released when proteins are digested
glucose
simple sugar
glycogen
starch
rugae
ridges on the hard palate
papillae
small raised areas on the tongue
3 salivary glands
parotidal gland (near ear)
submandibular gland
sublingual gland
pharynx
food travel through this to the esophagus
esophagus
extends from the pharynx to the stomach (for food)
epiglotis
closes over the trachea so food can not enter the “windpipe”
deglutition
swallowing
peristalsis
wave like contraction of the muscles in the wall of espohagus
3 parts of the stomach
fundus
body
antrum
pyloric sphincter
allows food to leave the stomach and enter the small intestines
rugae
folds in the lining of the stomach that increase surface area
pepsin
enzyme to digest
hydrochloric acid
is secreted to digest protein and kill bacteria on food
3 parts of small intestines
D ow
J ones
I ndustrial
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
villi
line the wall of the small intestines. absorb the digested nutrients into the bloodstream
3 parts of large intestines
C
C
R
cecum
colon
rectum
4 segments of colon
ascending colon
transverse colon
descending colon
sigmoid colon