Ch. 5

Question 1

Rickey is the result of

Answer 1

Lack of vitamin D

Question 2

A gradual change in phenotype over a geographical area is called a

Answer 2

Cline

Question 3

Melanin

Answer 3

Is advantageous because it provides protection from solar radiation

Question 4

Which of the following biological processes involves a reduction in homeostasis?

Answer 4

Senescence

Question 5

When epiphysis fuse to the diaphysis

Answer 5

Full adult height is attained

Question 6

Frank Livingstone, a noted physical anthropologist, is famous for having said about human diversity in appearance, “There are no _________; there are only ___________.”

Answer 6

Races; cline

Question 7

Allen’s rule indicates that humans will have

Answer 7

Longer limbs in hot environments and shorter in colder in environments.

Question 8

Acclimatization

Answer 8

Occurs at the individual level throughout an individual’s lifetime

Question 9

Wolff’s Law

Answer 9

refers to the homeostatic balance leading to bone mass being produced where it is needed and removed where it is not needed.

Question 10

Children living at high altitudes develop a larger chest cavity by adulthood than children living at lower altitudes. This is an example of

Answer 10

Developmental adaptations that occurs at the level of the individual during critical life stages

Question 11

Hypoxia has been shown to be an agent of natural selection in that Tibetan women:

Answer 11

with alleles for high oxygen saturation in their hemoglobin had more surviving children.

Question 12

Genetic adaptations

Answer 12

Occurs at the population level via natural selection

Question 13

The eruption of the first permanent molar and the completion of brain growth happen during ____________ development

Answer 13

Childhood

Question 14

Natural selection favored alleles for light skin in

Answer 14

Europe

Question 15

Sexual dimorphism refers to the

Answer 15

Difference in physical attributes of males and females

Question 16

Franz Boas

Answer 16

showed that U.S.-born children had different head shapes than their immigrant parents.

Question 17

Loring Brance argued that the race concept

Answer 17

can be traced to the Renaissance, when seafaring travelers observed differences between people from distant lands.

Question 18

Cultural adaptation

Answer 18

involves using material culture or learned practices to make living possible in certain settings.

Question 19

For women with very low body weight high amounts of exercise can result in

Answer 19

Reduced ability to conceive relative to women who do not exercise

Question 20

Multiple biological

Answer 20

Do not lead to clear cut racial classifications

Question 21

Developmental adaptation

Answer 21

Occurs at the individual level during childhood

Question 22

Sexual maturation or puberty is marked by

Answer 22

Menarche in girls

Question 23

Humans survival is attributed to

Answer 23

The ability to adapt