Ch. 5

Question 1

theory proposing that an eighth element repeats the properties of the first in the group

Answer 1

octave theory

Question 2

states that the properties of elements recur in a repeating pattern when arranged in increasing atomic number

Answer 2

periodic law

Question 3

vertical columns on the periodic table

Answer 3

groups

Question 4

horizontal rows on the periodic table

Answer 4

periods

Question 5

A-groups, main group elements

Answer 5

representative elements

Question 6

B group elements

Answer 6

transition elements

Question 7

below the main body of the periodic table, also called rare earth elements

Answer 7

inner transition elements

Question 8

two sections inner transition elements are divided into

Answer 8

lanthanide and actinide series

Question 9

first column on the periodic table (IA)

Answer 9

alkali metals

Question 10

2nd column or group on the periodic table (IIA)

Answer 10

alkaline earth metals

Question 11

17th column or group on the periodic table (VIIA)

Answer 11

halogens

Question 12

18th column or group on the periodic table (VIIIA)

Answer 12

noble gases

Question 13

trends of atomic radius

Answer 13

atomic radius increases from top to bottom,
decreases left to right

Question 14

atomic radius of transition elements?

Answer 14

they have many exceptions to general trends

Question 15

trends of metallic character

Answer 15

metallic character increases from top to bottom, decreases from left to right

Question 16

general formula for oxides of alkali metals?

Answer 16

M2O

Question 17

members of a group or family have __ properties

Answer 17

similar

Question 18

SPDF configuration on periodic table

Answer 18

S block is groups IA-IIA (1 and 2)
P block is IIIA-VIIIA (13 through 18)
D block is IIIB-IIB (3 through 12)
F block are inner transition elements

Question 19

electrons in the outermost principle energy level of an atom (involved in chemical reactions)

Answer 19

valence electrons

Question 20

a means of visually representing the valence electrons of an element

Answer 20

electron dot formula

Question 21

amount of energy required to remove an electron from the gaseous state

Answer 21

ionization energy

Question 22

ionization energy trends

Answer 22

ionization energy decreases from top to bottom, increases from left to right

Question 23

what happens to the electron configuration of a metal when it loses their valence electrons when forming ions?

Answer 23

they achieve the electron configuration of their nearest noble gas

Question 24

what happens to the electron configuration of a nonmetal when it gains an electron to form an ion?

Answer 24

they achieve the electron configuration of their nearest noble gas

Question 25

atoms and ions with the same electron configuration

Answer 25

isoelectronic