Ch. 4 Flashcards
relative charges of proton, neutron, electron
positive, neutral, and negative
where does 4s go in electron configuration?
after 3p and before 3d
max number of electrons in sublevel s, p, d, and f?
s: 2
p: 6
d: 10
f: 14
where does 5s go in electron configuration?
after 4p and before 4d
what are the shapes of the orbitals?
S is a sphere
P is a dumbell
a value indicating the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
atomic number
a symbolic method for expressing the composition of an atomic nucleus
atomic notation
atoms of the same elements that have a different number of neutrons
isotope
a unit of mass exactly equal to 1/12 the mass of a C-12 atom
atomic mass unit
the average mass of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an element
atomic mass
the distance a light wave travels to complete one cycle
wavelength
the number of times a light wave completes a cycle in one second
frequency
a general term that can refer to either visible or invisible radiant energy
light
a range of light energy extending from violet to red, that is, approximately 400-700nm
visible spectrum
a range of light extending from gamma rays to microwaves
radiant energy spectrum
a band of light energy that is uninterrupted
continuous spectrum
a particle of radiant energy
photon
a model of the atom that describes electrons circling the nucleus in orbits
Bohr atom
an orbit of specific energy that electrons occupy as they circle the nucleus
energy level
a collection of narrow bands of light produced by atoms of a given element releasing energy
emission line spectirum
an electron energy level that results from splitting a main energy level
energy sublevel
a shorthand description of the arrangement of electrons by sublevels according to increasing energy
electron configuration
a statement that it is impossible to precisely measure the location and energy of the particle at the same time
uncertainty principle
a sophisticated model of the atom that describes the energy of an electron in terms of its probability of being found in a particular location about the nucleus
quantum mechanical atom
a region about the nucleus in which there is a high probability of finding an electron with a given energy
orbital
