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ch 5 Flashcards

1
Q

gastroenterologist

A

medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the main digestive system

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2
Q

proctologist

A

medical doctor who specializes in the study of the rectum and anus

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3
Q

dentist

A

medical doctor who treats disorders of the teeth

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4
Q

exodontist

A

healthcare professional that removes teeth

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5
Q

pedodontist

A

dentist who treats kids

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6
Q

orthodontist

A

dentist who straightens teeth

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7
Q

prosthodontist

A

dentist that replcaes teeth

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8
Q

periodontist

A

dentist who treats diseases of the tissues surriounding the teeth

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9
Q

dyspepsia

A

indigestion; epigastric discomfort after a meal that includes bloating, feeling of fullness, nausea, heartburn

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10
Q

eructation

A

passing of air from the stomach through the mouth

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11
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

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12
Q

halitosis

A

bad smelling breath

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13
Q

hiccup

A

involuntary contraction of the diaphram followed by ra[id closing of the epiglottis

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14
Q

nausea

A

sensation that accumpanies the urge to vomt

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15
Q

pyrosis

A

heartburn; burning sensation of esophagus due to stomach reflux, hyperactivity, or peptic ulcer

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16
Q

regurgitation

A

the backflow of swalloed food back into the mouth

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17
Q

vomiting

A

forceful or involuntary emptying of the stomach

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18
Q

constipation

A

delayed, infrequant, of incomplete bowel movement

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19
Q

diarrhea

A

the discharge of watery semi soild stool

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20
Q

hematochezia

A

passage of bloody stool; bright red lower GI bleeding from the lower rectum that may originate in the colon

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21
Q

irritable bowel syndrome

A

gas, diarrhea, or consitpation due to stress with no underlying diseases

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22
Q

melena

A

black tarry stool due to presence of partially digested blood

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23
Q

aphthous stomatitis

A

reoccuring disorder characterized by small erosions (ulcers) on the mucous membrane of the mouth

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24
Q

cheilitis

A

inflammation of the lips

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25
cheilosis
abnormal condition of the lipds due to riboflavin defeciency
26
dental carries
plauq disease due by interaction between bacteria in the mouth and the food that can lead to tooth decay
27
dental plaque
film of material that cotes the teeth and can lead to tooth decay if not removed
28
gingivitis
inflmmation of the gums characterized by bleeding, swelling, and redness
29
herpetic stomatitis
inflammation of mouth due to the herpes simplex virus
30
leukoplakia
condition of white patches on lips, tongue, and buccal mucosa. Associated w tobacco use and can be precancerous
31
malocclusion
when teeth dont touch properly when mouth is closed
32
periodontal disease
pathologic condition of the tissues surrounding the teeth
33
pyorrhea
purulent discharge from the tissues surrounding the teeth
34
achalasia
a condition resulting from imparement of esophageal paristalsis and the LES's inability to relax
35
dysphagia
difficulty swallowing due to motor disorder or obstruction
36
gastroesophageal reflux disease
back flow of food from stomach to esophagus due to the LES's inability to contract normally; characterized by pyrosis with or without regurgitaion of food into the mouth
37
gastralgia
stomach pain
38
gastritis
inflammation of the stomach, sometimes with vomitting, nausea, and
39
peptic ulcer disease
erosion of the protecive mucosal lining of stomach
40
anal fissure
crack like lesion of the skin around the anus
41
appendicitis
inflmation of the vermiform appendix
42
colitis
inflmation of the large intestine
43
Crohn disease
inflmation of the colon or the ileum of idiopathic organs
44
diverticulitis
secondary inflamation to diverticulosis
45
diverticulosis
formation of diverticula; pouches in the lining of the intestines
46
fistula
abnormal channel between organs or from organ to sruface of body
47
hemorrhoid
vericose condition of the rectal veins that results in painful swellings at the anus
48
ileus
obstrcution
49
inflammatory bowel disease
chronic inflmation of the lining of the intestines that results in diarrhea and bleeding
50
intussusception
inward telescoping of the intestines
51
mucositis
inflmaation of the mucous membrane
52
peritonitis
inflmation of the peritoneum ,usually due to the rupture of a inflmmated appendix
53
polyp
begign growth in the intestines
54
proctitis
inflammation of rectum and anus
55
pruritus ani
itching of the skin around the anus
56
ulcerative colitis
inflmmation of the colon and rectum that results in bouts of watery diarrrhea ; a type of inflammatory bowel disease
57
volvulus
twisting of the intestine
58
cholangitis
inflmmation of the bile vessesls
59
cholecystitis
inflmmation of the gallbladder, characterized by naesea and vomitting
60
choledocholithiasis
stones in the common bile duct
61
cholelithiasis
stones in the gallbladder; characterized by pain in the upper right quadrant
62
cirrhosis
regenerative disease of the liver, assocaited with alcohol abuse
63
Hepatitis A B C
inflammtion of the liver due to alchol, increasing viruses, and drugs. A: food and water contaminated with infected fecal matter B: infected blood and sexual contact C: blood transfusion, parcutaneous inoculation, and infected needle sharing
64
Jaundice
yellowing of the skin and sclarae due to elevated levels of bilirubin
65
pancreatitis
inflammation of pancreas
66
barium enema
intro of barium sulfate into the rectum for imiging of the lower GI tract; used to detech tumors, obstructions, and other abnormalities of the lower GI tract
67
barium swallow
barium sulfate is ingested to image the upper digestive tract for abnormalities of the esophagus and stomach
68
cholecystogprahy
after iodine is ingested orally, the gallbladder is imaged at different time intervals to assess its functioning; used to detect cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, tumors, and other abnomalities of GB
69
computed tomography scan
radiographic technique that produces detailed images of cross sections of the body; used to detect tumors and abnormal fluid accumaltation in the digestive system
70
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
a radiographic imaging of the bile and pancreatic duct through the placement of a duodenoscope in the common bile duct as well as the injection of a contrast medium in the common bile duct. Then a series of x rays are taken to show the backflow of the dye into the bile vessels
71
endoscaopy
internal visualization of the body using a endoscope that has its owm fiberoptic light source; can be doen through mouth, anus, or incision of the abdominal wall
72
manometry
test that measures the motor function of esophagus
73
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography
imaging of the bile vessels via intorduction of a contrast medium into the hepatic duct through the skin
74
sonography
use of high frequency sound waves to image deep structures in the body
75
anorectal abscess
circumscribed area of inflamation around the anus, containg pus

ch3 (15 decks)

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