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ch 5 Flashcards

1
Q

gastroenterologist

A

medical doctor who specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the main digestive system

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2
Q

proctologist

A

medical doctor who specializes in the study of the rectum and anus

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3
Q

dentist

A

medical doctor who treats disorders of the teeth

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4
Q

exodontist

A

healthcare professional that removes teeth

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5
Q

pedodontist

A

dentist who treats kids

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6
Q

orthodontist

A

dentist who straightens teeth

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7
Q

prosthodontist

A

dentist that replcaes teeth

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8
Q

periodontist

A

dentist who treats diseases of the tissues surriounding the teeth

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9
Q

dyspepsia

A

indigestion; epigastric discomfort after a meal that includes bloating, feeling of fullness, nausea, heartburn

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10
Q

eructation

A

passing of air from the stomach through the mouth

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11
Q

hematemesis

A

vomiting blood

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12
Q

halitosis

A

bad smelling breath

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13
Q

hiccup

A

involuntary contraction of the diaphram followed by ra[id closing of the epiglottis

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14
Q

nausea

A

sensation that accumpanies the urge to vomt

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15
Q

pyrosis

A

heartburn; burning sensation of esophagus due to stomach reflux, hyperactivity, or peptic ulcer

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16
Q

regurgitation

A

the backflow of swalloed food back into the mouth

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17
Q

vomiting

A

forceful or involuntary emptying of the stomach

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18
Q

constipation

A

delayed, infrequant, of incomplete bowel movement

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19
Q

diarrhea

A

the discharge of watery semi soild stool

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20
Q

hematochezia

A

passage of bloody stool; bright red lower GI bleeding from the lower rectum that may originate in the colon

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21
Q

irritable bowel syndrome

A

gas, diarrhea, or consitpation due to stress with no underlying diseases

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22
Q

melena

A

black tarry stool due to presence of partially digested blood

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23
Q

aphthous stomatitis

A

reoccuring disorder characterized by small erosions (ulcers) on the mucous membrane of the mouth

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24
Q

cheilitis

A

inflammation of the lips

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25
Q

cheilosis

A

abnormal condition of the lipds due to riboflavin defeciency

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26
Q

dental carries

A

plauq disease due by interaction between bacteria in the mouth and the food that can lead to tooth decay

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27
Q

dental plaque

A

film of material that cotes the teeth and can lead to tooth decay if not removed

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28
Q

gingivitis

A

inflmmation of the gums characterized by bleeding, swelling, and redness

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29
Q

herpetic stomatitis

A

inflammation of mouth due to the herpes simplex virus

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30
Q

leukoplakia

A

condition of white patches on lips, tongue, and buccal mucosa. Associated w tobacco use and can be precancerous

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31
Q

malocclusion

A

when teeth dont touch properly when mouth is closed

32
Q

periodontal disease

A

pathologic condition of the tissues surrounding the teeth

33
Q

pyorrhea

A

purulent discharge from the tissues surrounding the teeth

34
Q

achalasia

A

a condition resulting from imparement of esophageal paristalsis and the LES’s inability to relax

35
Q

dysphagia

A

difficulty swallowing due to motor disorder or obstruction

36
Q

gastroesophageal reflux disease

A

back flow of food from stomach to esophagus due to the LES’s inability to contract normally; characterized by pyrosis with or without regurgitaion of food into the mouth

37
Q

gastralgia

A

stomach pain

38
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of the stomach, sometimes with vomitting, nausea, and

39
Q

peptic ulcer disease

A

erosion of the protecive mucosal lining of stomach

40
Q

anal fissure

A

crack like lesion of the skin around the anus

41
Q

appendicitis

A

inflmation of the vermiform appendix

42
Q

colitis

A

inflmation of the large intestine

43
Q

Crohn disease

A

inflmation of the colon or the ileum of idiopathic organs

44
Q

diverticulitis

A

secondary inflamation to diverticulosis

45
Q

diverticulosis

A

formation of diverticula; pouches in the lining of the intestines

46
Q

fistula

A

abnormal channel between organs or from organ to sruface of body

47
Q

hemorrhoid

A

vericose condition of the rectal veins that results in painful swellings at the anus

48
Q

ileus

A

obstrcution

49
Q

inflammatory bowel disease

A

chronic inflmation of the lining of the intestines that results in diarrhea and bleeding

50
Q

intussusception

A

inward telescoping of the intestines

51
Q

mucositis

A

inflmaation of the mucous membrane

52
Q

peritonitis

A

inflmation of the peritoneum ,usually due to the rupture of a inflmmated appendix

53
Q

polyp

A

begign growth in the intestines

54
Q

proctitis

A

inflammation of rectum and anus

55
Q

pruritus ani

A

itching of the skin around the anus

56
Q

ulcerative colitis

A

inflmmation of the colon and rectum that results in bouts of watery diarrrhea ; a type of inflammatory bowel disease

57
Q

volvulus

A

twisting of the intestine

58
Q

cholangitis

A

inflmmation of the bile vessesls

59
Q

cholecystitis

A

inflmmation of the gallbladder, characterized by naesea and vomitting

60
Q

choledocholithiasis

A

stones in the common bile duct

61
Q

cholelithiasis

A

stones in the gallbladder; characterized by pain in the upper right quadrant

62
Q

cirrhosis

A

regenerative disease of the liver, assocaited with alcohol abuse

63
Q

Hepatitis
A
B
C

A

inflammtion of the liver due to alchol, increasing viruses, and drugs.
A: food and water contaminated with infected fecal matter
B: infected blood and sexual contact
C: blood transfusion, parcutaneous inoculation, and infected needle sharing

64
Q

Jaundice

A

yellowing of the skin and sclarae due to elevated levels of bilirubin

65
Q

pancreatitis

A

inflammation of pancreas

66
Q

barium enema

A

intro of barium sulfate into the rectum for imiging of the lower GI tract; used to detech tumors, obstructions, and other abnormalities of the lower GI tract

67
Q

barium swallow

A

barium sulfate is ingested to image the upper digestive tract for abnormalities of the esophagus and stomach

68
Q

cholecystogprahy

A

after iodine is ingested orally, the gallbladder is imaged at different time intervals to assess its functioning; used to detect cholelithiasis, cholecystitis, tumors, and other abnomalities of GB

69
Q

computed tomography scan

A

radiographic technique that produces detailed images of cross sections of the body; used to detect tumors and abnormal fluid accumaltation in the digestive system

70
Q

endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

A

a radiographic imaging of the bile and pancreatic duct through the placement of a duodenoscope in the common bile duct as well as the injection of a contrast medium in the common bile duct. Then a series of x rays are taken to show the backflow of the dye into the bile vessels

71
Q

endoscaopy

A

internal visualization of the body using a endoscope that has its owm fiberoptic light source; can be doen through mouth, anus, or incision of the abdominal wall

72
Q

manometry

A

test that measures the motor function of esophagus

73
Q

percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography

A

imaging of the bile vessels via intorduction of a contrast medium into the hepatic duct through the skin

74
Q

sonography

A

use of high frequency sound waves to image deep structures in the body

75
Q

anorectal abscess

A

circumscribed area of inflamation around the anus, containg pus

ch3 (15 decks)

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