ch 3 Flashcards
osteodynia
bone pain
osteitis deformans
misshappen bones due to excessive breakdown and reformation of the bony matrix. Also called paget disease
osteomalacia
softening of the bone due to the loss of minerals from the bony matrix as a result of vitamin D defeciency
osteomyelitis
inflammation/infection of the bone and bone marrow
osteoporosis
loss of bone mass, leaving the bone as extremely fragile and prone to fracture. Osteopenia is a less severe form.
chondromalacia
softening of the cartilage
costochondritis
inflammation of the cartilage of the ribs
arthrosis
abnormal condition of the joints
baker cyst
cyst of the synovial fluid of the popliteal area of the leg
bunion
common and painful enlargement and inflmation of the first metatarsophalangeal joint
bursitis
inflammation of a bursa
carpal tunnel syndrome
compression injury resulting in flunctuating pain, numbness, and paresthiasis of the hand, due to compression of the medial nerve of the wrist
creptitus
crackling sound of the joints
osteoarthritis
wear and tear disorder; joint disease characterized by degenerative articular cartilage and the wearing down of the edge of the bone at a joint
osteophytosis
abnormal growth of bone at a joint; heberden nodes are osteophytes of the interphalangeal joints in rheumatoid arthritis
polyarthralgia
pain in several joints stimentinously
rheumatoid arthritis
an inflammatory disease of the joints thought to be autoimmune in nature;
scleroderma
connective tissue disorder characterized by hardening and thickening of the skin
systemic lupus erythematosus
systemic chronic inflammation of unknown orgins characterized by arthritis and a district red butterfly shaped rash on the nose and cheecks
ankylosing spondylitis
causes fusion of the spine
temporomandibular joint disorder
dysfunction of the temporomendibular joint along with jaw pain
tendinitis
inflammation of a tendon
herniated intervertebral disc
protrusion of the central part of the disc in between the vertebrae causes compression of the spinal nerve root and pain
kyphosis
exaggerated posterior curve of the thoracic region of the spine
scoliosis
lateral s curve of the spine causes one to lose several inches of height
spinal stenosis
narrowing of the spinal canal accompanied by pain
spondylolisthesis
condition due to partial forward dislocation of one vertebrae over one under it
spondylosis
abnormal condition of stiffening of the vertebral joints
chondroma
benign tumor of the cartilage
exosotsis
abnormal boney growth
leiomyoma
benign tumor of the smooth muscle
osteoma
benign tumor of the bone
rhabdomyeoma
benin tumor of skeletal muscle
chondrosarcoma
malignant tumor of the cartilage
leiomyosarcoma
malignant tumor of smooth muscle
osteosarcoma
malignant tumor of bone
rhabdomyosarcoma
malignant tumor of the skeletal muscle
amputation
removal of a limb where there is no feasible option to save it
arthrocentesis
surgical puncture of a joint to remove fluid
arthrodesis
binding or stabalization of a joint via operative means
arthroplasty
surgical repair of the joint
bunionectomy
surigcal removal of a bunion
kyphoplasty
minimally invasive surgical procedure to adress pain of vertebral fracture. a balloon is inflated at the site of injury and then a cement like substance is injected
laminectomy
surgical removal of the bony arches of the vertebrate to releve compression of the spinal cord
meniscectomy
surigcal removal of a meniscus
operative ankylosis
surgical procefure to address the pain of spinal fracture or after a diskectomy or laminectomy to fix herniated intervertebral joints.
osteoclasis
refracture of the bone, usually done in cases of malunion
osteoplasty
surgical repair of the bone
prothesis
artifical replacement of a limb or other body part using metal or plastic applicanances
spondylosyndesis
fixation of an unstable segment of the spine via skeletal traction, immobilization of patient in a body cast, or via bone graft or synthetic device.
syndesomoplasty
surgical repaire of a ligament
tenomyoplasty
surgical repair of the tendon and muscle
total knee replacement
extensive procedure of the replacement of the entire knee unilatterly ot bilaterally
total hip replacement
replacement of the head of femur and the acetabulum
traction
moving body parts back into its corrrect alignment, such as in the case of dislocation
lordosis
exaggerated anterior curve of the lumbar region of the spine
