Ch. 48 Assessment Of GI Flashcards
The GI System is at a high risk for:
Infection, inflammation, autoimmune diseases, cancer, motility issues, structural and mechanical alterations
RLQ Organs
Appendix, Cecum, Portion of the ascending colon, Right ovary, Right ureter, Right spermatic cord, Lower portion of the kidney
RUQ Organs
Gallbladder, Duodenum, Right lobe of the liver, Head of the pancreas, Right adrenal gland, Part of the right kidney, A portion of the ascending colon, A portion of the transverse colon
LUQ Organs
Spleen, Stomach, Body of the pancreas, Left lobe of the liver, Left adrenal gland, Part of the left kidney, A portion of the transverse colon, A portion of the descending colon
LLQ Organs
Sigmoid colon, Portion of descending colon, Left ovary, Left ureter, Left spermatic cord, Lower portion of the kidney
GI System Changes with Aging
Atrophy of gastric mucosa
Decrease peristalsis/motility
Calcification of pancreatic vessels
Decrease liver enzymes with drug metabolism
Immune system issues/GI flora dysfunction
Head to Toe GI Assessment
Inspection
Auscultation
Percussion
Palpitation
GI Lab Assessment
CBC
PT/PTT
Liver enzymes tests (AST, ALT, ALK Phosphate, Bilirubin)
Amylase
Lipase
Ammonia
Urine & stool testing (UA, amylase in urine, urobilinogen, stool culture, O&P, bacteria, C Diff)
GI Diagnostic
XR
CT
MRI
US
GI Procedures
Endoscopy
Esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Small bowel capsule study
Colonoscopy
Nursing Interventions for GI System
Procedure with prep, anxiety, IV w/ sedation
Conscious sedation, patients may remember some of the procedure
Gag reflex, high risk for aspiration
Airway, monitor VS, trends, respiratory status
Sedation medications (side effects and nursing implications)
Complications of GI procedures
Oversedation
Hemorrhage
Aspiration
Perforation of GI Tract
Patient Education
Providing education, support, reassurance, follow up care, prevention screening
Psychosocial with fear, denial, depression, lifestyle changes, body image
Age related GI changes and awareness
