Ch. 4 Tragedy of the Commons Flashcards
Ostrom believed strongly in which of the following methods to protect common property resources?
Collective action.
Which of the following is NOT an example of successful collective action to protect common property resources?
Montreal protocol, Maine lobster fishery management, and irrigation systems.
Collective action would not include government intervention as a means to protect common property resources.
False.
Which of the following characteristics is NOT a common resource property problem?
Affluence.
Which of the following has NOT been proposed as a way to avoid the “Tragedy of the Commons”?
Successful lobbying.
Hardin theorized that the “Tragedy of the Commons” as a particular type of what?
Prisoner’s dilemma.
Which of the following is NOT a problem with government control of common property resources?
If the government “owns” a resource, it can regulate it.
The National Park system in the U.S. would be an example of which of the following methods to protect common property resources?
Government control.
Uneven power relationships make it impossible for some commoners to do all of the following, EXCEPT:
Share the property.
Which of the following is NOT an example of a “free-rider”?
People who contribute to the Red Cross.
The statement “Nobody washes a rental car” reflects which of the following ideas for protecting common property resources?
Privatization.
Collective action can work in all of the following situations, EXCEPT:
When we establish strict punishments.
Which of the following is an example of a stationary common property resource?
Public forest.
Which of the following IS a problem with privatization of common property resources?
Private owners could still exploit resources if the profit motive was large enough.
Official laws are a type of institution, but social norms are not.
False.
The concept of Social Darwinism argues that human societies advance primarily through cooperation.
False.
Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the atmosphere as a global common?
Negotiating and enforcing collective rules is an easy solution to implement.
An institutionalist would most likely suggest privatization as a solution to the “Tragedy of the Commons”.
False.
Why is open access to a common property resource a problem?
Had to fence it or lock it off.
Who would agree with the statement: “Governments, international organizations and even some charities unintentionally have caused the destruction of international diversity?”
Ostrom.
Failures in protecting a common property resource can result when established rules do not common respect.
True.
Which of the following did Hardin prefer as a method to avoid the “Tragedy of the Commons”?
Privatization.
What is the theoretical metaphor for a situation in which a particular action would result in an optimal solution for all, but individual incentive to act selfishly will result in a worse situation for everyone?
Prisoner’s Dilemma.
Which of the following does NOT represent successful commons management?
No sanctions to punish violators.
Mobile common property resources are much harder to manage overall.
True.
Institutions are formal lasts and social norms.
True.
Hardin argues that in order to prevent the “Tragedy of the Commons”, the commons must be enclosed.
True.
Environmental commons are quite often managed collectively.
True.
The “commons” is any area or resource that is what?
Shared.
Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding the “Tragedy of the Commons”?
Many rules ensure sustainability.
