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ENV 105 > Ch. 4 Tragedy of the Commons > Flashcards

Ch. 4 Tragedy of the Commons Flashcards

1
Q

Ostrom believed strongly in which of the following methods to protect common property resources?

A

Collective action.

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2
Q

Which of the following is NOT an example of successful collective action to protect common property resources?

A

Montreal protocol, Maine lobster fishery management, and irrigation systems.

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3
Q

Collective action would not include government intervention as a means to protect common property resources.

A

False.

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4
Q

Which of the following characteristics is NOT a common resource property problem?

A

Affluence.

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5
Q

Which of the following has NOT been proposed as a way to avoid the “Tragedy of the Commons”?

A

Successful lobbying.

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6
Q

Hardin theorized that the “Tragedy of the Commons” as a particular type of what?

A

Prisoner’s dilemma.

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7
Q

Which of the following is NOT a problem with government control of common property resources?

A

If the government “owns” a resource, it can regulate it.

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8
Q

The National Park system in the U.S. would be an example of which of the following methods to protect common property resources?

A

Government control.

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9
Q

Uneven power relationships make it impossible for some commoners to do all of the following, EXCEPT:

A

Share the property.

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10
Q

Which of the following is NOT an example of a “free-rider”?

A

People who contribute to the Red Cross.

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11
Q

The statement “Nobody washes a rental car” reflects which of the following ideas for protecting common property resources?

A

Privatization.

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12
Q

Collective action can work in all of the following situations, EXCEPT:

A

When we establish strict punishments.

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13
Q

Which of the following is an example of a stationary common property resource?

A

Public forest.

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14
Q

Which of the following IS a problem with privatization of common property resources?

A

Private owners could still exploit resources if the profit motive was large enough.

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15
Q

Official laws are a type of institution, but social norms are not.

A

False.

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16
Q

The concept of Social Darwinism argues that human societies advance primarily through cooperation.

A

False.

17
Q

Which of the following statements is NOT true regarding the atmosphere as a global common?

A

Negotiating and enforcing collective rules is an easy solution to implement.

18
Q

An institutionalist would most likely suggest privatization as a solution to the “Tragedy of the Commons”.

A

False.

19
Q

Why is open access to a common property resource a problem?

A

Had to fence it or lock it off.

20
Q

Who would agree with the statement: “Governments, international organizations and even some charities unintentionally have caused the destruction of international diversity?”

A

Ostrom.

21
Q

Failures in protecting a common property resource can result when established rules do not common respect.

A

True.

22
Q

Which of the following did Hardin prefer as a method to avoid the “Tragedy of the Commons”?

A

Privatization.

23
Q

What is the theoretical metaphor for a situation in which a particular action would result in an optimal solution for all, but individual incentive to act selfishly will result in a worse situation for everyone?

A

Prisoner’s Dilemma.

24
Q

Which of the following does NOT represent successful commons management?

A

No sanctions to punish violators.

25
Q

Mobile common property resources are much harder to manage overall.

A

True.

26
Q

Institutions are formal lasts and social norms.

A

True.

27
Q

Hardin argues that in order to prevent the “Tragedy of the Commons”, the commons must be enclosed.

A

True.

28
Q

Environmental commons are quite often managed collectively.

A

True.

29
Q

The “commons” is any area or resource that is what?

A

Shared.

30
Q

Which of the following is NOT a true statement regarding the “Tragedy of the Commons”?

A

Many rules ensure sustainability.

ENV 105 (10 decks)

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