Ch. 2- Population And Scarcity

Question 1

The area of the earth’s surface that would be required to support a population based on the number of resources needed to sustain a particular lifestyle known as _______.

Answer 1

An ecological footprint

Question 2

Most developed nations would fit into the second stage of the demographic transition model.

Answer 2

False.

Question 3

High levels of women’s education and literacy are associated with lower total fertility rates.

Answer 3

True.

Question 4

All of the following are critiques of the green revolution and the cornucopian theory, except what?

Answer 4

Increased food supplies will be distributed more evenly across the world than before.

Question 5

The demographic transition model shows population growth as a function of resource scarcity.

Answer 5

False.

Question 6

The idea that increased food demand leads to technological innovation that increased food production on the same amount of available land is known as what?

Answer 6

Induced intensification.

Question 7

What would Malthus suggest as a way to slow population growth?

Answer 7

People should exercise moral restraint.

Question 8

Stage 1 in the demographic transition model describes a situation in which:

Answer 8

Birth rates are high and death rates are high.

Question 9

After a period of economic transition and regulations, development is predicted to lead a __________ in environmental impacts.

Answer 9

Decrease.

Question 10

Neo-Malthusians view ______ as the main limit of population growth.

Answer 10

Scarce Resources.

Question 11

Developing countries (overall), have a much higher fertility rate than industrialized countries.

Answer 11

True.

Question 12

Compared to long-term growth patterns, population growth rates since the 1960’s have been doing what?

Answer 12

Decreasing.

Question 13

All of the following are reasons why the fertility rate is low in Kerala, India, except:

Answer 13

Result of India’s sterilization program in the 1950’s.

Question 14

We are expected to reach a population of 8 billion in fewer years than it took for Earth’s population to move from 6 billion to 7 billion.

Answer 14

False.

Question 15

The IPAT equation explains environmental impact as a function of:

Answer 15

population, affluence, and technology.

Question 16

Development initially has a large ______ impact on the environment.

Answer 16

Negative.

Question 17

Which group of people would agree with the statement “the more people, the more ideas we receive and the more solutions that will be generated?”

Answer 17

Cornucopianists.

Question 18

Which of the following is not a given critique of the rationale behind the I=PAT equation?

Answer 18

Does not show the relationship between affluence and technology as it relates to the population.

Question 19

An application of the I=PAT formula would be the ecological footprint.

Answer 19

True.

Question 20

The term that describes how many goods per capita per person are consumed in an area or country of total production is what?

Answer 20

Affluence.

Question 21

_____ argued that technology leads to greater environmental impact than population.

Answer 21

Barry Commoner.

Question 22

Which theorist stated the following: “The poor laws of England tend to depress the general condition of the poor… they may be said, therefore, to create the poor which they maintain.”

Answer 22

Thomas Malthus.

Question 23

All of the following leads to greater crop yields under the Cornucopian Theory, except what?

Answer 23

Decreased fertility rate.

Question 24

Malthus believed that a natural correction to overpopulation includes all of the following except what?

Answer 24

Innovation.

Question 25

The fertility rate is the average number of children born to a woman during her reproductive years.

Answer 25

True.

Question 26

Which of the following is a criticism of population-centered thinking?

Answer 26

It directs policy action, blame, and social control onto women and their bodies.

Question 27

World population did not reach 1 billion people until approximately what year?

Answer 27

1800.

Question 28

The “Forest Transition Theory” is explained by which model?

Answer 28

Environmental Kuznet’s Curve.

Question 29

Carrying capacity is the maximum number of people that a system can sustain over a period of time, assuming a particular lifestyle.

Answer 29

True.

Question 30

Which theorists developed the I=PAT equation?

Answer 30

Ehrlich and Holden.