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Project Mgmt > Ch 4 - Schedule Planning > Flashcards

Ch 4 - Schedule Planning Flashcards

1
Q

define activity definition

A

identifying the activities of the project that need to be performed to produce the product or service of the project

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2
Q

define activity duration

A

assessing the number of work periods needed to complete the project activities.
Work periods are usually expressed in hours or days.
Large projects might express duration in weeks or months.

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3
Q

define activity list

A

a list of all the activities required to complete the work of the project that also includes an identifier code and the WBS code it’s associated with. Activities are broken down from the work package level of the WBS

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4
Q

define activity sequencing

A

sequencing activities in logical order and determining whether dependencies exist among the activities

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5
Q

define analogous estimating or top-down estimating

A

estimating technique that uses the actual duration of a similar, completed activity to determine the duration of the current activity.

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6
Q

define backward pass

A

calculating the start and late finish dates by starting at the end of a network diagram and working back through each path until reaching the start of the network diagram. Part of the critical path method (CPM)

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7
Q

define critical path method (CPM)

A
  1. mathematical technique to develop the project schedule
  2. schedule development method that determines a single early and late start date, early and late finish date, and the float for each activity on the project
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8
Q

define crashing

A

schedule compression technique that adds resources to the project to reduce the time it takes to complete the project

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9
Q

define critical path (CP)

A

longest path through the project.

activities with zero float are considered critical path tasks.

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10
Q

define dependencies

A

relationship between project activities

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11
Q

define dependency relationships

A

type of dependency between two activities and the specific relationship between the activities

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12
Q

define document control process

A

defines how revisions are made, version numbering system, and placement of the version number and revision date

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13
Q

define duration compression

A

use of techniques such as fast-tracking or crashing to shorten the planned duration of a project or to resolve schedule slippage

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14
Q

define early finish

A

earliest date an activity may finish as logically constrained by the network diagram

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15
Q

define early start

A

earliest date an activity may start as logically constrained by the network diagram

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16
Q

define external dependency

A

type of dependency where relationship between a project task and a factor outside the project (weather conditions, outside contractor) drives scheduling of that task

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17
Q

define finish-to-finish

A

project task relationship in which the finish of the successor task is dependent on the finish of the predecessor task

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18
Q

define finish-to-start

A

project task relationship in which the successor task cannot begin until the predecessor task has completed

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19
Q

define float time or slack time

A

amount of time the early start of a task may be delayed without delaying the finish date of the project

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20
Q

define forward pass

A

process of working from left to right of a network diagram in order to calculate early start and early finish dates for each activity

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21
Q

define iterative process

A
  1. any process that is repeated more than once.
  2. five process groups are repeated throughout the project’s life because of change requests, responses to change, corrective action, and so on.
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22
Q

define late finish

A

latest date an activity can complete without impacting the project end date

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23
Q

define late start

A

latest date an activity can start without impacting the project end date

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24
Q

define logical relationships

A

dependency relationship that may exists between

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25
Q

define mandatory dependency

A

type of dependency where the relationship between two tasks is created by the type of work the project requires

26
Q

define mathematical analysis

A

calculating theoretical early and late start and finish dates for all project activities

27
Q

define network diagram

A

depiction of project activities and the interrelationships between these activities

28
Q

define parametric estimating

A

quantitatively based estimating technique that is typically calculated by multiplying rate times quantity

29
Q

define precedence diagramming method (PDM) or activity on node method

A

network diagramming method that places activities on nodes, which connect to dependent activities using arrows

30
Q

define predecessor

A

task on the network diagram that occurs before another task

31
Q

define preliminary investigation

A

investigation at project request time to determine the costs and benefits of the project, as well as examine alternatives to the proposed solution in order to determine the feasibility of carrying out the project

32
Q

define program evaluation and review technique (PERT)

A

calculates the expected value, or weighted average, of critical path tasks to determine project duration by using three estimates: most likely, pessimistic, and optimistic.
(optimistic + pessimistic + (4 x most likely))/6

33
Q

define project execution

A

carrying out the project plan.
activities are clarified, work is authorized to begin, resources are committed and assigned to activities, and the product or service of the project is created. The largest portion of the project budget will be spent during this process.

34
Q

define project schedule

A

determines the start and finish dates for project activities and assigns resources to the activities

35
Q

define quantitatively based durations

A

duration estimate obtained by applying a productivity rate of the resource performing the task

36
Q

define schedule baseline

A

final, approved project schedule that is used during project execution to monitor project progress

37
Q

define schedule development

A

calculating and preparing the schedule of project activities, which becomes the schedule baseline.
It determines activity start and finish dates, finalizes activity sequences and durations, and determines activity duration estimtes

38
Q

define sequencing

A

putting the project activities in the order in which they will take place

39
Q

define slack time or float time

A

amount of time allowed to delay the early start of a task without delaying the finish date of the project.

40
Q

define start-to-finish

A

task relationship where finish of the successor task is dependent on the start of its predecessor

41
Q

define start-to-start

A

project task relationship where the start of the successor task depends on the start of the predecessor task

42
Q

define sucessor

A

task on the network diagram that occurs after another task

43
Q

define top-down estimating or analogous estimating

A

estimating technique that uses actual durations from similar activities on a previous project

44
Q

what are the three categories of dependencies in activity sequencing?

A
  1. mandatory dependencies
  2. discretionary dependencies
  3. external dependencies
45
Q

what are the four types of logical relationships between a predecessor and successor activities

A
  1. finish-to-start
  2. start-to-finish
  3. start-to-start
  4. finish-to-finish
46
Q

what are the three techniques for creating a network diagram?

A
  1. precedence diagramming method (PDM)
  2. arrow diagramming method (ADM)
  3. conditional diagramming method (CDM)
  4. critical chain method (CCM)
47
Q

When and how is conditional diagramming method used? CDM?

A

best for activities that loop or are repeating throughout the project

  • way to diagram activities that are not in sequential order
  • used in conjunction with GERT (graphical evaluation and review technique)
48
Q

what are the most common measurements used to define activity durations?

A

days or weeks

49
Q

What are the 5 types of estimating techniques?

A
  1. analogous estimating/top-down estimating
  2. expert judgement
  3. parametric estimating
  4. three-point estimates
  5. PERT (program evaluation and review technique)
50
Q

what are the 5 key aspects of the critical chain method

A
  1. schedules tasks to occur as late as possible
  2. this allows adjustments to schedule by moving tasks earlier, rather than crashing them
  3. focuses on resource limitations
  4. start by scheduling tasks with most limited resources
  5. uses buffers to sequence of tasks, and project buffer at end overall project
51
Q

What are the three ways to shorten a project schedule?

A
  1. fast-tracking
  2. crashing
  3. cutting scope
52
Q

What type of activity relationships allow fast-tracking?

A

finish-to-start

53
Q

What are 2 key points to fast-tracking to get the most impact?

A
  1. fast-track tasks on the critical path

2. fast-track tasks that have the longest duration

54
Q

what is a disadvantage of fast-tracking?

A
  1. increases risk
55
Q

what is a disadvantage of crashing?

A

increases project cost

56
Q

what are three key points of crashing for most impact

A
  1. crash tasks on the critical path only
  2. crash tasks that will bring you to needed completion date for the least amount of money (start w/least expensive tasks first, then move up to more expensive)
  3. use a crash table for best decision
57
Q

What are three ways to display the project schedule?

A
  1. network diagram method
  2. milestone charts
  3. Gantt charts
58
Q

What is the difference between the three different types of project schedule displays (network, milestone & Gantt?

A
  1. network shows each project with start/end dates
  2. milestone charts show only major milestone scheduled & actual dates
  3. Gantt shows horizontal timeline for milestones, deliverables, subdeliverables and/or all activities
59
Q

What information should be included on the schedule baseline?

A
  1. baseline start and finish dates
  2. resource assignments
  3. budgets
  4. resource documents
  5. sign-off from stakeholders and functional mgrs supplying resources
60
Q

describe the activity sequencing process

A

process of identifying dependency relationships between project activities and scheduling activities in proper order

61
Q

what are the two major relationships between dependent tasks?

A

predecessor and successor

62
Q

what is the purpose of CPM (critical path method)

A

calculates the longest path in the project, which controls the finish date of the project.
Any delay to a task on this path will result in delay of completion date of the project.

Project Mgmt (5 decks)

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