Ch 4 Nclex

Question 1

1. The rate of absorption of drugs can change when two drugs are taken at the same time. The nurse is aware that the rate of absorption can be changed by which actions? (Select all that apply.)
   a. Modifying gastric emptying time
   b. Changing gastric pH
   c. Decreasing inflammation
   d. Forming drug complexes
   e. Eating too slowly

Answer 1

a. Modifying gastric emptying time
b. Changing gastric pH
d. Forming drug complexes

Question 2

2. The nurse is reviewing a patient’s medications as part of patient teaching. The nurse is aware that which drug is least likely to cause photosensitivity?
   a. Penicillins
   b. Sulfonamides
   c. Sulfonylureas
   d. Thiazides

Answer 2

A. Penicillins

Question 3

3. A patient asks the nurse about the drug qualities that determine the category in which a drug is placed. What is the nurse’s best response? (Select all that apply.)
   a. “Drugs that are in clinical trials”
   b. “Drugs judged to be both safe and effective”
   c. “Drugs judged to be either unsafe or ineffective”
   d. “Drugs with insufficient data to judge safety or efficacy”
   e. “Herbal products”

Answer 3

b. “Drugs judged to be both safe and effective”
c. “Drugs judged to be either unsafe or ineffective”
d. “Drugs with insufficient data to judge safety or efficacy”

Question 4

4. The nurse is meeting with a community group about medication safety. The nurse must emphasize that patients at high risk for drug interactions include which groups? (Select all that apply.)
   a. Older patients
   b. Patients with chronic health
   c. Patients taking three or more drugs
   d. Patients dealing with only one pharmacy
   e. Patients covered by Medicare or Medicaid

Answer 4

a. Older patients
b. Patients with chronic health
c. Patients taking three or more drugs

Question 5

5. The nurse recognizes that when a patient takes a hepatic enzyme inducer, the dose of the warfarin (Coumadin) is usually modified in which way?
   a. It is increased.
   b. It is decreased.
   c. It remains the same.
   d. It is unpredictable.

Answer 5

A. It is increased.

Question 6

6. The nurse is conducting a patient assessment and notes that the patient has alkaline urine, which promotes excretion of drugs that are weak acids. Which drug is a weak acid?
   a. phenytoin (Dilantin)
   b. acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)
   c. quinidine (Apo-Quinidine)
   d. warfarin (Coumadin)

Answer 6

b.acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin)

Question 7

7. The nurse is describing to a patient the synergistic effects of two of his medications. Which statement by the nurse is correct about synergistic drug effects?
   a. “Two drugs have antagonistic effects on each other.”
   b. “The action of a drug is nullified by another drug.”
   c. “One drug acts as an antidote to the side effects of another drug.”
   d. “A greater effect is achieved when two drugs are combined.”

Answer 7

b.“The action of a drug is nullified by another drug.”

Question 8

8. A patient asks the nurse about cautions related to use of OTC medications. What is the nurse’s best response? (Select all that apply.)
   a. “Over-the-counter drugs may delay professional diagnosis.”
   b. “They may mask symptoms.”
   c. “They may make diagnosis easier.”
   d. “Their inactive ingredients may cause adverse reactions.”
   e. “They may be more expensive.”

Answer 8

a. “Over-the-counter drugs may delay professional diagnosis.”
b. “They may mask symptoms.”
d. “Their inactive ingredients may cause adverse reactions.”

Question 9

9. Patients on long-term digoxin (Lanoxin) therapy need regular digoxin-level monitoring to detect early toxicity manifested by which symptoms? (Select all that apply.)
   a. Visual problems
   b. Nausea and vomiting
   c. Skin eruptions
   d. Urinary retention
   e. Dizziness

Answer 9

a. Visual problems
b. Nausea and vomitin
d. Urinary retention

Question 10

10. The nurse is reviewing a teaching plan with a patient who was recently diagnosed with asthma. What cautions about the use of aspirin are important for the nurse to advise the patient? (Select all that apply.)
    a. It may trigger an acute asthma attack.
    b. It may trigger a heart attack.
    c. There is an increased risk for bleeding if also taking an anticoagulant.
    d. It may decrease renal function.
    e. It may decrease hepatic function.

Answer 10

a. It may trigger an acute asthma attack.
c. There is an increased risk for bleeding if also taking an anticoagulant.
d. It may decrease renal function.

Question 11

11. A patient asks the nurse about drug interactions with OTC preparations. What is the nurse’s best response?
    a. “Discuss this with the health care provider.”
    b. “There are not many interactions, so don’t worry about it.”
    c. “Read the labels carefully, and check with your health care provider.”
    d. “Avoid over-the-counter preparations.”

Answer 11

c.“Read the labels carefully, and check with your health care provider.”